Payame Noor University Crop Biotechnology 2252-0783 11 4 1401 07 01 A review, Application of Nanobiotechnology in Agriculture A review, Application of Nanobiotechnology in Agriculture 35 60 9366 10.30473/cb.2023.42669.1888 FA Mohammad Ali Ebrahimi Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran Nassrin Qavami Assistant professor, Medicinal plants Research Center, Institute of medicinal plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran Mahdi Dadmehr Associate professor, Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. Hadi Kalantari PhD Student, Medicinal plants Research Center, Institute of medicinal plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran Javad Shahghaghi PhD Student, Plant Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center (IBRC), ACECR, Karaj, Iran Ardeshir Qaderi Assistant professor, Medicinal plants Research Center, Institute of medicinal plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran Nassim Zarinpanjeh Assistant professor, Medicinal plants Research Center, Institute of medicinal plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran Journal Article 1401 01 18 Agriculture is facing many problems and dilemmas on the way to achieving the optimal performance of its products in terms of quantity and quality, due to the presence of various biotic and abiotic stresses such as pathogens, pests, weeds, inappropriate temperature and humidity, and many other factors. It is predicted that by 2050, the world's population will reach about 9.6 billion people, in this way, agricultural production should increase between 70 and 100 percent in order to fulfill the responsibility of providing human food. Factors such as the shrinking of arable land, lack of water resources, climate change, and the reduction of the effectiveness of agricultural chemical inputs have intensified the problems caused by biotic and abiotic stresses for all types of crops. In this way, obtaining modern technologies and new findings to protect plants against stresses and improve the efficiency of using chemical inputs with the aim of ensuring food security in a healthy and sustainable manner is absolutely vital. Nano-biotechnology, which includes using nanostructures (substances smaller than one hundred nanometers) in biological applications, is a promising tool for realizing sustainable agriculture, which is a crucial factor in meeting the growing need for food in the world. In this paper, the general role of nanotechnology in the agricultural industry is reviewed as nano fertilizers, nano pesticides, nano growth regulators, nano water and soil remediators, etc. Agriculture is facing many problems and dilemmas on the way to achieving the optimal performance of its products in terms of quantity and quality, due to the presence of various biotic and abiotic stresses such as pathogens, pests, weeds, inappropriate temperature and humidity, and many other factors. It is predicted that by 2050, the world's population will reach about 9.6 billion people, in this way, agricultural production should increase between 70 and 100 percent in order to fulfill the responsibility of providing human food. Factors such as the shrinking of arable land, lack of water resources, climate change, and the reduction of the effectiveness of agricultural chemical inputs have intensified the problems caused by biotic and abiotic stresses for all types of crops. In this way, obtaining modern technologies and new findings to protect plants against stresses and improve the efficiency of using chemical inputs with the aim of ensuring food security in a healthy and sustainable manner is absolutely vital. Nano-biotechnology, which includes using nanostructures (substances smaller than one hundred nanometers) in biological applications, is a promising tool for realizing sustainable agriculture, which is a crucial factor in meeting the growing need for food in the world. In this paper, the general role of nanotechnology in the agricultural industry is reviewed as nano fertilizers, nano pesticides, nano growth regulators, nano water and soil remediators, etc. https://cropbiotech.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_9366_2a0adf9e686420befa1bd37b263b26de.pdf