Investigation of antimicrobial activity of extracts obtained from callus and cell suspension culture of Bunium persicum compared to seed and effect of solvent and dilution of the extract on the activity

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph. D. Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

2 Professor, Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Research Insititute of Food and Technology, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

Incidence of resistance against antimicrobial drugs has led to the use of medicinal plants for treatment of infections. However, excessive harvesting of medicinal plants has led researchers to investigate the production of antibacterial compounds under in-vitro conditions. In this study, the inhibitory effects of different dilutions of aqueous, ethanol, methanol and ether extracts from callus, cell suspension cultures and seed of black zira were tested on microorganisms Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Aspergillus parasiticus and Candida albicans. The results showed that although different extracts showed strong antibacterial activity, there is significant difference between various dilutions of extracts. The difference in antibacterial effect of extracts is related to different solubility power of solvents for volatile compounds extraction. Also increasing the concentration of the extracts, increased their inhibitory effect as evidenced by the fact that the greatest inhibitory effect was seen when no dilution of the extract was carried out. Also antimicrobial effects of callus and cell extracts of black zira against microorganisms were higher than seed extracts. Investigation of extract components by TLC showed that the Scopoletin has antimicrobial activity and there is the high amount of it in the cells suspension culture and callus of black zira. Therefore it could be concluded that antimicrobial property of cells and callus extracts, despite low concentration of Cuminaldehyde, could be due to the high amount of Scopoletin. Thus the application of cell culture strategies for production of antibacterial compounds, as Scopoletin, is a favorable technology and such compounds could be suitable replacements for the usual chemical drugs.

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References

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