با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن بیوتکنولوژی جمهوری اسلامی ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد اصلاح نباتات، گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه

2 دانشیار گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه

3 دانشیار گروه زیست شناسی دانشکده علوم دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر تنش شوری بر عملکرد و صفات فیزیولوژیک آفتابگردان و تجزیه ژنتیکی صفات در شرایط تنش شوری، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در شرایط گلدانی در فضای باز انجام گرفت. عوامل مورد بررسی شامل سطوح مختلف تنش شوری (نرمال و تنش ناشی از 6 دسی‌زیمنس‌بر‌متر) و لاین‌های خویش آمیخته نوترکیب آفتابگردان (102 لاین حاصل از تلاقی بین دو لاین RHA266 و PAC2 به همراه والدین) بودند. صفات مورد مطالعه شامل عملکرد دانه، محتوای کلروفیل، میزان فتوسنتز خالص، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، غلظت عناصر Na+ و K+ بود که در مرحله بعد از گلدهی کامل اندازه گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر تنش شوری روی عملکرد دانه، Na+، K+ و نسبت‌های Na+/K+، K+/ Na+ و محتوای نسبی آب برگ معنی‌دار می‌باشد. از نظر تمامی صفات مورد مطالعه بین ژنوتیپ‌های مورد بررسی اختلاف معنی‌داری مشاهده شد. تجزیه ژنتیکی صفات مورد مطالعه با استفاده از نقشه پیوستگی تهیه شده با 221 نشانگر مولکولی (SNP11SSR/210) با متوسط فاصله 44/7 سانتی‌مورگان بین نشانگرها به روش مکان‌یابی فاصله‌ای مرکب (CIM) انجام گرفت. در مجموع برای 8 صفت مورد مطالعه 8 QTL در شرایط تنش و 10 QTL در شرایط نرمال شناسایی شد. درصد تغییرات فنوتیپی توجیه شده توسط QTL‌ها بین 4/10% تا 4/34% متغییر بود. با بررسی مکان‌های ژنی شناسایی شده تحت شرایط نرمال و تنش شوری مشخص شد QTL‌های Na+.S.4.1 با Na+/K+.S.4.1 و Chl.NS.6.1 با K+.S.6.1 هم‌مکان هستند. استفاده از QTL‌های هم‌مکان در شرایط مختلف محیطی می‌تواند موجب افزایش کارایی انتخاب به کمک نشانگر و پیشبرد برنامه‌های به-نژادی گیاهی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Mapping QTLs controlling physiological traits of sunflower under salinity stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fariba Morsali Aghajari 1
  • Reza Darvishzadeh 2
  • Naser Abbaspour 3

1 M.Sc. in Plant Breeding, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia

2 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of salinity on yield and physiological traits of sunflower and genetic analysis of these traits under salinity conditions, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications were performed outside the greenhouse in an open air area under natural environmental conditions. The studied factors were included 2 salinity stress levels (normal and 6 dS/m) and sunflower recombinant inbred lines (102 lines derived from the cross PAC2 ×RHA266 together with parental lines). Traits such as grain yield per plant, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, leaf relative water content, Na+ and K+ concentrations were measured after flowering. The effect of salinity was significant on grain yield, leaf relative water content, Na+ and K+ concentrations as well as on Na+/K+ and K+/ Na+ ratios. For all traits, significant differences were observed between the genotypes studied. Genetic analysis of studied traits was done using a linkage map comprising 221 molecular markers (210 SSR/11 SNP) with an average distance of 7.44 cM between markers via composite interval mapping (CIM) procedure. Totally, 10 and 8 QTLs were detected for studied traits under normal and salt stress conditions, respectively. The phenotypic variance explained by QTLs (R2) ranged from 10.4%- 34.4%. The results showed the existence of co-localized QTLs for some of the studied traits under normal and salt stress conditions including Na+.S.4.1 with Na+/K+.S.4.1, Chl.NS.6.1 with K+.S.6.1. Using co-localized QTLs in different environmental conditions and different years could enhance the efficiency of marker-assisted selection in plant breeding programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Oily sunflower
  • QTL analysis
  • Salt tolerance
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