القای تقسیمات اسپوروفیتی و تشکیل ساختارهای رویانی در کشت میکروسپور گوجه فرنگی (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل

2 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل

3 دانشیار و رئیس بخش کشت بافت پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران (ABRII)، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی (AREEO)

4 استادیار گروه اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

5 استادیار پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران (ABRII)، کرج

چکیده

در این تحقیق، اثر تیمار سرمایی (4 درجه سانتیگراد به مدت 1 الی 5 روز) در ترکیب با شوک گرمایی (30 درجه سانتیگراد به مدت 1 الی 10 روز) و همچنین اثر کلشی‌سین (25 الی 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر به مدت 24 الی 72 ساعت) بر القای تقسیمات اسپوروفیتی و تشکیل جنین در میکروسپورهای کشت شده دو رقم هیبرید گوجه فرنگی (برلینا و پتوپراید) بررسی شد. ساختارهای منتج از کشت میکروسپور با بیشتر از 10 هسته تنها در رقم برلینا و در کشت‌هایی مشاهده گردید که به مدت 1 و 2 روز تحت تیمار سرمایی 4 درجه سانتیگراد و سپس به مدت 2 روز در دمای 30 درجه قرار گرفتند. همچنین تیمار سرمایی به مدت 1 یا 2 روز و سپس 2 روز دمای 30 درجه به طور موثری موجب تشکیل ساختارهای میکروسپوری10-9 هسته‌ای در هر دو رقم گردید. میکروسپورهای با بیشتر از 5 هسته در هیچکدام از کشت‌هایی که به مدت 10 روز تحت تیمار دمایی 30 درجه قرار گرفتند بودند مشاهده نگردید. در رقم برلینا، ساختارهای میکروسپوری10-9 هسته‌ای در تیمار 25 میلی-گرم در لیتر کلشی‌سین به مدت 48 ساعت رویت شدند در حالیکه در رقم پتوپراید، در هیچکدام از تیمارها میکروسپورهای با بیشتر از 8 هسته تشکیل نگردید. رویان‌های‌ کروی تنها در محیط کشت دو لایه و تیمار 4 درجه سانتیگراد به مدت 2 و 5 روز و سپس 2 روز دمای 30 درجه تشکیل شدند. در صورت انتخاب دوره مناسب پیش تیمار گرمایی و سرمایی می‌توان رویان‌زایی را در میکروسپورهای گوجه ‌فرنگی القا نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Induction of sporophytical divisions and formation of embryo structures in microspore culture of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behzad Ahmadi 1
  • Rasoul Asghari Zakaria 2
  • Mehran Enayati Shariat Panahi 3
  • Naser Zare 4
  • Pejman Azadi 5
1 Ph.D. student, Faculty of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Plant Breeding, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
3 researcher and head of Tisue culture and Gene transformation Dep.ABRII, AREEO
4 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Plant Breeding, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
5 1- Assistant Professor, Agricultural Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Karaj
چکیده [English]

In this study, the effect of cold treatment (4 °C for 1 to 5 days) in combination with heat shock (30 °C for 1 to 10 days) and also colchicine treatment (25 to 100 mg/l for 24 to 72 h) were assessed on induction of sporophytical divisions in isolated microspore culture in two hybrid tomato cultivars (‘Berlina’ and ‘Petoperide’). Microspore-derived structures with more than 10 nuclei were only observed in cv. ‘Berlina’ and in the cultures incubated for 1 or 2 days at 4 °C and then for 2 days at 30 °C. In addition, cold treatment for 1 or 2 days and then 2 days at 30 °C could efficiently induce formation of microspore-derived structures with 9-10 nuclei in both cultivars tested. No microspore with more than 5 nuclei was observed in the cultures treated at 30°C for 10 days. In the cv. ‘Berlina’, microspore-derived structures with 9-10 nuclei were detected when 25 mg/l colchicine was used for 48 h, while in cv. ‘Petoperide’, microspore-derived structures with more than 8 nuclei were not observed in all treatments tested. Globular embryos were only produced in two-layered culture medium when treated at 4°C for 2 and 5 days and then subjected to 30°C for 2 days. Microspore embryogenesis could be induced in tomato if appropriate duration of cold and heat treatment was selected.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cold stress
  • Heat stress
  • Colchicine
  • tomato
  • Microspore

مراجع

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