با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن بیوتکنولوژی جمهوری اسلامی ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 استاد گروه اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

جوانه­زنی بذر (ظرفیت، زمان، میزان و همزمانی) از خصوصیات بارز و مهم یک رقم زراعی توصیف می­شوند. به منظور شناسایی نواحی ژنومی کنترل­کننده صفات مرتبط با جوانه­زنی دانه گندم، 149 لاین هاپلوئید و والدین آنها Rojo Yecora و No. 49 طی سال زراعی 93-1392 در قالب طرح آلفا لاتیس در دو شرایط عادی و تنش رطوبتی اجرا گردیدند. صفات ضریب سرعت جوانه‌زنی، درصد جوانه­زنی نهایی، سرعت جوانه‎زنی، شاخص میزان جوانه­زنی و متوسط جوانه­زنی روزانه  مورد اندازه‎گیری قرار گرفتند. در این بررسی، 340 جفت آغازگر ریزماهواره برای تعیین چند‌شکلی والدین استفاده گردید. همچنین از هفت آغازگر رتروترانسپوزونی مبتنی بر نواحی LTR رتروترانسپوزون­های جو و 28 ترکیب آن­ها در تکنیک IRAP و از ترکیب این آغازگر با آغازگرهای ISSR (63 ترکیب) در تکنیک REMAP برای غربال جمعیت استفاده شد. تجزیه QTL به روش نقشه یابی فاصله­ای مرکب (CIM) برای هر صفت در هر محیط و میانگین دو محیط انجام گردید. برای همه صفات مورد مطالعه، تفکیک متجاوز مشاهده شد. در مجموع، 11 QTL برای صفات مورد مطالعه شناسایی گردید. واریانس فنوتیپی کل تبیین­شده بوسیله این QTL­ها از82/11 تا 42/21 درصد متغیر بود (بیشترین مقدار LOD برایQTL  کنترل کننده سرعت جوانه 65/6 LOD = روی کروموزوم 4B (Sg-Normal 4B) به‌دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که QTL­های شاخص میزان جوانه‌زنی  و سرعت جوانه‌زنی مربوط به کمیت و کیفیت جوانه‌زنی در هر دو شرایط از تظاهر خوبی برخوردار بودند. لذا از QTL­های پایدار و خوشه­ای شناسایی شده می­توان در برنامه گزینش به کمک نشانگر (MAS)، استفاده نمود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Mapping QTLs associated with wheat seed germination under normal and drought stress conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marouf Khalili 1
  • Seyed Abolghasem Mohammadi 2

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Professor, Department of Plant Breeding, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Seed germination (capacity, time, and synchronization) is a manifest characteristic of the standard germination test of a cultivated variety. In order to identify genomic regions associated with seed germination, 149 bread wheat recombinant inbred lines and their parents RojoYecora and No. 49 were conducted  in an alpha lattice design with two replications at the University of Mahabad during 2013-14, under normal and moisture stress conditions. Different traits including index of germination speed, final germination percentage, germination speed, germination rate, and average daily germination were measured. In this study, 340 pairs of microsatellite primers were used to determine the parental polymorphism. Furthermore, 7 retrotransposon-based markers on LTR regions of barely retrotransposons, and their twenty-eight combinations at IRAP technique, as well as, 63 combination of this primer with anchored ISSR primers at REMAP technique were used for population screening. QTL analysis using composite interval mapping (CIM) for each trait in each environment and mean of two environments were accomplished. For all studied traits, transgressive segregation was observed. In general, eleven QTLs were detected for all traits. Total phenotypic variance explained by these QTLs varied from 11.82 to 21.42 percent. The highest LOD value for QTL controlling germination speed (LOD =6.65)  was obtained on  chromosome 4BQSg-Normal. The results revealed that QTLs of index of germination rate and germination speed related to the quantity and quality of seed germination had desirable performance in all three environments. However, detected stable and cluster QTLs may be used in marker assisted selection (MAS) programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • QTL
  • germination indices
  • Wheat
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