Plant Disease and Biotechnology
Mahsa Banaee; Forogh Sanjarian; Gholam Reza Bakhshi Khaniki
Volume 3, Issue 4 , September 2013, , Pages 25-32
Abstract
Acetyl transferases are enzymes responsible for enzymatic transfer of an acetyl group to suitable receptor molecule by using acetyl CoA as donor. Acetyltransferase reaction is involved in biosynthesis pathway of some important secondary metabolites such as antibiotics, as well as in their detoxification. ...
Read More
Acetyl transferases are enzymes responsible for enzymatic transfer of an acetyl group to suitable receptor molecule by using acetyl CoA as donor. Acetyltransferase reaction is involved in biosynthesis pathway of some important secondary metabolites such as antibiotics, as well as in their detoxification. Trichothecenes are significant secondary metabolites produced by the plant fungal phatogens Fusarium ssp. Such as F. sporotrichioides and F. graminearums. These fungi possess specific genes in their genomes encodeinge acetyl transferase enzymes are affecting trichothecene. In this study, the gene encoding acetyltransferase from the fungus F. sporotrichioides, TRI 101, was cloned and transferred into tobacco plant as model plants and the effect of the enzyme on the detoxification of deoxynivalenol (DON), a well known trichthecene, was investigated. In addition it was shown that, in comparison whit the roots of wild type plants, transgenic roots grew normally in the deoxynivalenol-contained medium.
Molecular Plant Breeding
M Abkar; F Sanjarian; A Mousavi
Volume 2, Issue 3 , January 2013, , Pages 13-23
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a disease that causes major economic losses in wheat and other cereal crops production worldwide. Contamination of food with the trichothecene mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) produced by Fusarium graminearum is a major health concern for humans and animals because trichothecenes ...
Read More
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a disease that causes major economic losses in wheat and other cereal crops production worldwide. Contamination of food with the trichothecene mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) produced by Fusarium graminearum is a major health concern for humans and animals because trichothecenes are potent cytotoxins of eukaryotic cells. Trichothecene mycotoxins inhibit translation by targeting ribosomal protein L3 at the peptidyl transferase center. In this study, we modified a Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cDNA encoding the ribosomal protein RPL3 so that amino acid residue 258 is changed from tryptophan to cysteine and amino acid residue 259 is change from histidine to tyrosine. All version of the tomato RPL3 were introduced to DON-sensitive pdr5 and ayt1 mutant strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae. When transgenic yeast were compared for growth in the presence of DON, a difference in growth rate and survival was observed among those yeasts expressing the modified versions of the tomato RPL3 genes, compared to those expressing the wild-type yeast RPL3 gene. These results can create a new field in developing FHB resistance varieties of wheat through genetic manipulation.
Genetic Engineering and Gene Transformation
S Shahbazi; N Safaie; A Mousavi; F Sanjarian; A Alizadeh
Volume 2, Issue 2 , September 2012, , Pages 73-85
Abstract
Fusarium Head Blight (FHB), which is caused commonly by Fusarium graminearum, has ability to result significant reduce in yield and also cause indirect losses due to the accumulation of potent mycotoxins (trichothecenes) in harvested grain as secondary metabolites; which are hazardous for human and animal. ...
Read More
Fusarium Head Blight (FHB), which is caused commonly by Fusarium graminearum, has ability to result significant reduce in yield and also cause indirect losses due to the accumulation of potent mycotoxins (trichothecenes) in harvested grain as secondary metabolites; which are hazardous for human and animal. Trichothecene mycotoxins (such as DON) are potent protein synthesis inhibitors for eukaryotic organisms. Trans expression of AYT1 gene from S. cerevisiae capable of trichothecene 3-O-acetylation and converts DON to a less toxic acetylated form. One of the detoxification and resistance to mycotoxins is acetylation. The main goal of this study was to evaluate transgenic tobacco model plants to deoxynivalenol (DON). In order to detect expression of the AYT1 transgene, we added cMyc tag via PCR-Tagging method and introduced it into the model tobacco plants through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in an attempt to detoxify DON. After confirmation of integrations of AYT1-cMyc into the tobacco genome by molecular analyses, Immuno-blotting and serological protein studies and trichothecene acetyl transferase activity analyses confirmed the expression of AYT1 and tolerance to 10 ppm concentration of DON in transgenic lines was observed.
