Research Paper
Bioinformatics
Hajar Nasrollahi; Farshid Talat; Iraj Bernousi; Mehdi Badri Anarjan
Volume 7, Issue 20 , March 2018, Pages 1-12
Abstract
Diploid genome contains 8 genomes designated as A, B, C, D, E, F, G and K which have been identified in the genus Gossypium. The genome of A is limited only in two species as G. herbaceum and G.arboreum, and it is transferred from G. herbaceum to other species. The chloroplast genome (CP) of G. herbaceum ...
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Diploid genome contains 8 genomes designated as A, B, C, D, E, F, G and K which have been identified in the genus Gossypium. The genome of A is limited only in two species as G. herbaceum and G.arboreum, and it is transferred from G. herbaceum to other species. The chloroplast genome (CP) of G. herbaceum has 160,140 bp lengths with protected quadripartite structure. Single copy regions of chloroplast genome are separated by two inverted repeat regions with a large copy region with 88,709 bp also the single copy region and each small inverted repeat regions have 20,221 and 25,605bp. The plastidic' s genome has 113 single copy genes and 19 duplicated copy genes. Single copy genes are encoding of 79 genes for protein production, four ribosomal RNA genes and 31 transfer RNA genes. Result showed that among all plastid genes only 18 genes appeared to have 1-2 intron/s and when compared with chloroplast genome of two allotetraploid species. Ycf15 gene as the only duplicated gene, rpl22 was in G. herbaceum and in the two species has studied G. herbaceum, G. barbadense. But ycf15 gene in G. barbadense and both ycf15 and rpl22 genes were lost in G. barbadense and G. hirsutum. Though the high level of SSR protection in the chloroplast genome. SSRs are useful for genetic variation analysis since they have high efficiency against genomic SSRs.
Research Paper
Molecular Plant Breeding
Sahar Faraji; Seyyed Hamidreza Hashemi-Petroudi; Hamid Najafi-Zarrini; Gholamali Ranjbar
Volume 7, Issue 20 , March 2018, Pages 13-27
Abstract
Salinity is considered as a perilous environmental stress reducing crop yields, which makes the plant survive difficult via stopping the various mechanisms of it, eventually leading to death. Genes are the momentous factors in multiple physiological pathways regarding to their involvements in stress ...
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Salinity is considered as a perilous environmental stress reducing crop yields, which makes the plant survive difficult via stopping the various mechanisms of it, eventually leading to death. Genes are the momentous factors in multiple physiological pathways regarding to their involvements in stress responses. The gene encoding for Chromodomain Helicase DNA protein (PICKLE, PKL) is one of them, which regulates the other stress-responsive genes transcriptions under unfavorable conditions. Transcripts assay in halophyte Aeluropus littoralis, as a valuable genetic resource, will provide the inspiring information for sensitive crops improvement. Therefore, biochemical properties, functional domains, phylogenetic analysis and promoter cis-elements were investigated in this study, suggesting that this gene may play the critical roles in dealing with stimulus circumstances. Expression profiling of AlPKL in coping with salinity and recovery situations in A. littoralis shoot and root tissues through the qReal-Time PCR technique was also revealed high transcript magnitudes of this gene. Hence, further studies on PKL genes in multiple plant species can provide precious information for better understanding of stress endurance mechanisms.
Research Paper
Bioinformatics
Omid Jazayeri; Tahereh Aghajanzadeh; Theo Elzenga
Volume 7, Issue 20 , March 2018, Pages 29-40
Abstract
Glucosinolates are a potential target for genetic manipulation in crop improvement programs, due to their diverse roles in animal nutrition, plant defense against pests and pathogens, beneficial treatment effects in cancer, cardiovascular and neurological diseases. To date, more than 30 genes which are ...
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Glucosinolates are a potential target for genetic manipulation in crop improvement programs, due to their diverse roles in animal nutrition, plant defense against pests and pathogens, beneficial treatment effects in cancer, cardiovascular and neurological diseases. To date, more than 30 genes which are involved in biosynthesis of glucosinolates have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. During biotic and abiotic stresses, glucosinolate biosynthesis is further controlled by a complex network of transcription factors. Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are proteins which act as cell surface receptors perceiving developmental and environmental signals in plants. Following functional studies of a RLKs (AT2G37050) in Arabidopsis thaliana, our previous proteomic data showed that 22 proteins such as TSA1, AT3G47570 and AT1G08750 were appeared in knockout of AT2G37050 while these proteins were not detected in wild type plant (unpublished data). The analysis resulted from GeneMANIA algorithm revealed biological connections between these three genes and glucosinolate biosynthesis pathway genes as well as regulating genes of glucosinolate biosynthesis pathway. Since glucosinolates are considered as sulfur containing secondary compounds in Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassicaceae family, biological connections between TSA1 and AT3G47570 with sulfur transporter genes as well as sulfur assimilation pathway genes will support more the role of these two genes on regulation of glucosinolates biosynthesis pathway.
Research Paper
Molecular Plant Breeding
Lida Feridooni; Ali Ashraf Mehrabi; Hooshmand Safari
Volume 7, Issue 20 , March 2018, Pages 41-53
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between D, S, and U genomes in three diploid species of Aegilops genus with genome A in two diploid species of Triticum genus, using 15 ISSR primers. The ISSR primers were able to identify 105 locations, that the number of 6 locations were ...
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The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between D, S, and U genomes in three diploid species of Aegilops genus with genome A in two diploid species of Triticum genus, using 15 ISSR primers. The ISSR primers were able to identify 105 locations, that the number of 6 locations were monomorphic and 99 locations were polymorph. The mean number of generated location was 7.00 and the average number of polymorphic location was 6.60. The primers of IS13, IS6 and UBC865 were introduced as superior primers for determining of genetic variation in the studying populations. There was a high genetic diversity based on the used marker among the species of two genera and the high contribution of variance to interspecies than intraspecific showed that the species were completely differentiating according to the studied marker. The results of similarity matrix, cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis were showed that the two species were separated from together and in the species of Aegilops genus, Ae. umbellulata (U genome) had the most distance with other species, Ae. strangulate and Ae. tauschii (D genome) had the lowest distance and falling in one group with Ae. speltoides (S genome) in the next stage. Therefore, the D genome showed a lower distance with the S genome and the U genome had the greatest distance with two other genomes based on studied markers. The A genome (Triticum genome) had the most distance with three Aegilops genome. But the U genome among genomes belonging to the Aegilops genus had a lower distance than A genome.
Research Paper
Biotic and Abiotic stress
Zhila Mohammadi; Alireza Motallebi-Azar; Fariborz Zaree-Nahandi; Alireza Tarinejad; Gholamreza Gohari
Volume 7, Issue 20 , March 2018, Pages 55-63
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate of nitric oxide effect on betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene expression and glycine betaine synthesis in Solanum tuberosum cv. Agria under salinity stress on in vitro condition. The experiment treatments included four level of sodium nitroprussideas a nitric ...
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The present study was aimed to investigate of nitric oxide effect on betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene expression and glycine betaine synthesis in Solanum tuberosum cv. Agria under salinity stress on in vitro condition. The experiment treatments included four level of sodium nitroprussideas a nitric oxide donor (0, 10-3, 10-4 and 10-5mM) and two level of sodium chloride (0 and 70 mM). In the present study, MS media culture was used and sodium nitroprusside was applied for increasing the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene expression (the responsible gene of glycine betaine synthesis) under salinity stress. Four weeks after treatment, total RNA of treated explants was extracted and semi quantitative RT-PCR was used for the analysis of expression of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. The glycinbetaine content was measured with iodide potassium. The survey of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene expression showed that the expression of this gene was increased under salinity stress however, the sodium nitroprusssid decreased its expression under salinity stress. Also sodium nitroprussid increased the glycine betaine content in grown plantlets which were grown under normal condition however under salinity stress this compound showed negative effect on glycinbetaine content.
Research Paper
Molecular Phsoiology
Tayebeh Basaki; Babak Pikarestan; Seyed Mojtaba Khayam-Nekouei
Volume 7, Issue 20 , March 2018, Pages 65-74
Abstract
This experiment was conducted as split plots in randomized complete block design with four replications in 2014 and 2015 at Research Farm of Payam Noor University, Milajerd branch. Irrigation cuttings included S0: Complete irrigation, S1: Irrigation cut at 8-leaf stage, S2: Irrigation cut off at seed ...
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This experiment was conducted as split plots in randomized complete block design with four replications in 2014 and 2015 at Research Farm of Payam Noor University, Milajerd branch. Irrigation cuttings included S0: Complete irrigation, S1: Irrigation cut at 8-leaf stage, S2: Irrigation cut off at seed filling stage as main plots and six different hybrids of sweet corn including Merit, Basin, Obsession, Chase, KSC.404, KSC .403 in sub plots. The results of interaction of treatments showed that the highest grain yield was obtained from full irrigation treatment at Obsession with 8912 kg. ha-1 and the lowest grain yield was obtained from 8 liters of broth treatment in Merit with 7102 kg. ha-1 which The difference was 25.84%. The highest water use efficiency was obtained in irrigation cuttings at 8-leaf stage in Obsession hybrid with a mean of 0.65 kg. m-3 and the lowest in the total irrigation method in Merit with a mean of 0.19 kg. m-3, with a difference of 226%. The highest amount of proline observed in the irrigation cuttings at the 8th leaf stage in Merit hybrid with mean of 12.23 mg. g-1 and the lowest in full irrigiation hn Obsession hybrid with 22.11 mg. g-1, which had a significant difference at 1% level. According to the results of research, in irrigated cutting pattern, it is recommended to use cut off at seed filling stage with 14% reduction of water consumption in sweet maize varieties, especially in Basin and Obsession hybrids for Milajerd region in Markazi province.
Research Paper
Biotic and Abiotic stress
Maryam Sadeghi; Reza Haji-Hosseini; Ghasem Ataei; Mohsen Mardi
Volume 7, Issue 20 , March 2018, Pages 75-85
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola is one of the most important factors in reducing wheat yield in Iran and the world. However, biotic stress resistance facilitated by candidate genes is one of important selection criteria in wheat breeding programs. In this ...
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Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola is one of the most important factors in reducing wheat yield in Iran and the world. However, biotic stress resistance facilitated by candidate genes is one of important selection criteria in wheat breeding programs. In this study, five different families of resistance to the disease were studied. Specific primers were designed using Molecular Beacon software. The differential expression of these genes was investigated at 0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours after inoculation.in resistant (Wangshubai) and sensitive cultivars (Seri 82) using quantitative gene expression analysis. The results showed expression level of inhibitors protease Bsi was 24 times higher in Wangshubai than Seri 82 12 hours after inoculation. Further, the expression of protein-related pathogenesis (PR-1) and peroxidase (Per) increased at early hours after infection in Wangshubai. The difference between the expression pattern of the gene linked to resistance mechanisms is the most important step in study of the selection of new cultivars in traditional and modern breeding strategy.
