Bioinformatics
Hajar Nasrollahi; Farshid Talat; Iraj Bernousi; Mehdi Badri Anarjan
Volume 6, Issue 4 , March 2018, , Pages 1-12
Abstract
Diploid genome contains 8 genomes designated as A, B, C, D, E, F, G and K which have been identified in the genus Gossypium. The genome of A is limited only in two species as G. herbaceum and G.arboreum, and it is transferred from G. herbaceum to other species. The chloroplast genome (CP) of G. herbaceum ...
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Diploid genome contains 8 genomes designated as A, B, C, D, E, F, G and K which have been identified in the genus Gossypium. The genome of A is limited only in two species as G. herbaceum and G.arboreum, and it is transferred from G. herbaceum to other species. The chloroplast genome (CP) of G. herbaceum has 160,140 bp lengths with protected quadripartite structure. Single copy regions of chloroplast genome are separated by two inverted repeat regions with a large copy region with 88,709 bp also the single copy region and each small inverted repeat regions have 20,221 and 25,605bp. The plastidic' s genome has 113 single copy genes and 19 duplicated copy genes. Single copy genes are encoding of 79 genes for protein production, four ribosomal RNA genes and 31 transfer RNA genes. Result showed that among all plastid genes only 18 genes appeared to have 1-2 intron/s and when compared with chloroplast genome of two allotetraploid species. Ycf15 gene as the only duplicated gene, rpl22 was in G. herbaceum and in the two species has studied G. herbaceum, G. barbadense. But ycf15 gene in G. barbadense and both ycf15 and rpl22 genes were lost in G. barbadense and G. hirsutum. Though the high level of SSR protection in the chloroplast genome. SSRs are useful for genetic variation analysis since they have high efficiency against genomic SSRs.
Genetic Engineering and Gene Transformation
Motahareh Mohsen Por; Masoud Tohid Far
Volume 1, Issue 1 , March 2012, , Pages 35-48
Abstract
A system was designed using E. coli heat shock promoter (groE) in plastid vector and a hybrid plant/bacteria sigma factor was constructed under control of a tissue specific promoter. This system was designed for overcome to deleterious effects on plant growth and fertility that may be caused by transgene ...
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A system was designed using E. coli heat shock promoter (groE) in plastid vector and a hybrid plant/bacteria sigma factor was constructed under control of a tissue specific promoter. This system was designed for overcome to deleterious effects on plant growth and fertility that may be caused by transgene overexpression. So that hybrid sigma factors contained N- terminal motives of tobacco sigma factors including chloroplast signal peptide and RNA polymerase interaction domains, composed by C-terminal motif of E. coli sigma32 that able to recognition and binding to groE promoter. Then this gene, HSig, was cloned in Agrobacterium vector after adding regulatory elements. The result vector was used for transformation of an Iranian variety of tobacco. Detection of transgenic plants was performed by PCR, southern blot and RT-PCR analysis. The Hsig gene expression and its targeting to plastid was confirmed after transformation of tobacco chloroplast using gene gun technique for targeting of green florescent protein (GFP) under control of groE promoter using pFNGi vector into transgenic HSig explants. We hope that the system that was designed and constructed in this study for GFP expression in chloroplast genome, be able to apply in molecular farming for expression of any other desired genes instead of GFP for specific gene expression in chloroplast.
Tissue culture and Micropropagation
Hamed Ebrahimizadeh; Mahmoud Lotfi; Shiva Azizinia; Farangis Ghanavati
Volume 2, Issue 2 , September 2013, , Pages 99-108
Abstract
Production of haploid plants was studied in summer squash via induction of parthenogenic embryos. Female flowers were pollinated with anthers irradiated by different doses of gamma ray (25, 50, 75, 100 and 200 Gray) and induced embryos were rescued and cultured in specific medium. The results achieved ...
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Production of haploid plants was studied in summer squash via induction of parthenogenic embryos. Female flowers were pollinated with anthers irradiated by different doses of gamma ray (25, 50, 75, 100 and 200 Gray) and induced embryos were rescued and cultured in specific medium. The results achieved showed that the highest number of embryos was obtained in 50 and 75 Gray doses (82%), however, no embryo was produced at 200 Gray. Gamma ray doses and embryo stage had significant effect on frequency of embryo and plant regeneration. Highest embryo regeneration and haploid formation (27 plant regeneration and 11 haploids formation, respectively) were recorded at 50 Gray. All amorphous embryos produced only diploid plant, though 29.17, 33.33, 57.14, 66.67, 100 and 100 percent of plants derived from cotyledon, heart, torpedo, arrow-tip, torpedo-tip and globular embryos respectively, were haploid. Based on this study, out of the 7744 extracted seeds, 127 embryos and 44 plants were regenerated; among those 17 plants were identified as haploid plants using chloroplast counting, Flow-Cytometry technique and morphologic traits evaluations.
Biotic and Abiotic stress
Gholamreza Salehi Jouzani; Sepideh Akbari Vala; Mehdi Sabet Jahromi; Hassan Morsali
Volume 1, Issue 1 , March 2012, , Pages 61-75
Abstract
Commonly, plant roots colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can tolerate different stresses such as soil salinity. Thereby, identification of the dominant AMF species in the saline soils and their application as biofertilizer is very useful for increasing crop productivity in such conditions. ...
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Commonly, plant roots colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can tolerate different stresses such as soil salinity. Thereby, identification of the dominant AMF species in the saline soils and their application as biofertilizer is very useful for increasing crop productivity in such conditions. For this purpose, sampling was performed from root and rhizosphere of wheat, barley and weeds in Yazd, East Azerbaijan, Qom and Markazi provinces. The morphological properties of spores of the isolated AMFs were studied. Then, samples were screened using a two steps nested PCR methodology. At the first step, AMF-specific primers, including LSU-Glom1 and SSU-Glom1 were used, followed by Alu1 restriction of PCR products, and then at the second step, the restricted PCR products were amplified by fungal universal primers (ITS4 and ITS5) for amplification of ITS-rDNA region. The PCR products were cloned, and restricted by Taq 1. The results of morphological charectreristics and analysis of the achived sequences and blasting showed that two AMF genus, including Glomus (more than 90%) and Acaulospora (10%) were domininat. The species G. mosseae (50%), G. intraradices, G. sinosum, G. constrictum, G. etunicatum, G. versiforme, G. fulvom, and Glomus sp were identified using molecular strategy. The maximum species diversity was observed in the fields of Yazd Province and rhizosphere of wheat. Totaly, results of the present study showed that the species G. mosseae has the highest dominancy and adaptivity in saline conditions, so after performing further experiments, it can be used as a source of biofertilizer in such regions.
Proteomics
Ghasem Hosseini Salkade; Davood Nasr Abadi
Volume 1, Issue 1 , March 2012, , Pages 1-11
Abstract
Rice is an excellent model cereal for molecular biology and genetics research. Salinity is a major factor limiting rice production world wide. The analysis of stress-responsiveness in plants is an important route to the discovery of genes conferring stress tolerance and their use in breeding programs. ...
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Rice is an excellent model cereal for molecular biology and genetics research. Salinity is a major factor limiting rice production world wide. The analysis of stress-responsiveness in plants is an important route to the discovery of genes conferring stress tolerance and their use in breeding programs. To further understand the mechanism of plant response to salinity we employed a proteomic approach to profile the protein changes of rice 3th leaf and root under salt stress. Plants were grown in Yoshida nutrient solution and salt stress imposed after 25 days. Plants were treated by 100¬mM NaCl for 10. After that 3th leaves and total root were collected from control and salt stressed plants. The Na+ and K+ content of leaves/roots and several yield components changed significantly in response to short-term salt stress and their proteome patterns were analyzed using 2-DE in triplicates. The expression pattern of proteins significantly changed in all leaves/roots in response to stress. More than 488 and 345 protein were detected repeatedly in root and leaf 2Dgels respectively by software package. 107 proteins in root and 86 proteins in leaf of two genotypes showed significant response to stress. 3 protein in leaf gels and 2 protein in root gels were selected and identified by ESI-Q-TOF. The most important were Ferritin, Rubisco activase and ascorbat¬peroxidase in leaf and Peroxidase and Ascorbat¬peroxidase in root. All of them were enzyme and involved in detoxification and removal of reactive oxygen species (peroxidase, ascorbat¬peroxidase) Iron homeostasis (ferritin) or activation of other enzymes (rubisco¬activase).
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