Research Paper
A Hashemi; GH Nematzadeh; GH Hosseini Salekde; A Hosseini; M.R Hajirezaei
Volume 2, Issue 2 , September 2012, Pages 1-14
Abstract
Two rice lines, IR29 and FL478, which differed in salinity tolerance, were investigated for physiological and metabolic responses
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Two rice lines, IR29 and FL478, which differed in salinity tolerance, were investigated for physiological and metabolic responses
Research Paper
Biotic and Abiotic stress
R Amininasab; M.A Ebrahimi; A.A Ebadi; M Ghodsi
Volume 2, Issue 2 , September 2012, Pages 15-25
Abstract
The study was designed to characterized the genetic diversity within subset of 20 Iranians rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties using 19 microsatellite markers linked to genes controlling drought tolerance. Also drought resistance index as an important integrative trait in maturity stage was evaluated in ...
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The study was designed to characterized the genetic diversity within subset of 20 Iranians rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties using 19 microsatellite markers linked to genes controlling drought tolerance. Also drought resistance index as an important integrative trait in maturity stage was evaluated in 20 varieties in two environments (stress and non stress). Results of combined analysis showed significant differences (
Research Paper
Biotic and Abiotic stress
V Ghasemi omraan; A Bagheri; GH Nematzadeh; A Mirshamsi; Nadali Babaeian Jelodar
Volume 2, Issue 2 , September 2012, Pages 27-37
Abstract
Salinity, predominantly NaCl, limits plant growth and impairs agricultural productivity. In higher plants, Na+ efflux and compartmentalization are achieved by Na+/H+ antiporters located in both the plasma and vacuolar membranes. Here we investigated the expression pattern of the genes AlNHX ...
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Salinity, predominantly NaCl, limits plant growth and impairs agricultural productivity. In higher plants, Na+ efflux and compartmentalization are achieved by Na+/H+ antiporters located in both the plasma and vacuolar membranes. Here we investigated the expression pattern of the genes AlNHX and AlSOS1 under 250 mM NaCl treatment after 6h and 1, 3, 8 and 17 days time intervals by Real Time-PCR technique. The transcript levels of AlNHX and al AlSOS1 were up-regulated by salt stress in all tissues. The AlSOS1 expression remarkably increased in leaves after 6 h and the AlNHX transcript abundance reached to the maximum level after 24 h. In node and internode tissues the transcript levels of AlNHX and AlSOS1 increased sharply 24 h after salt treatment and then gradually decreased within 3 and 8 days and finally after 17 days reached to a steady-state in which the mRNA content was similar to that of control plants. The transcript abundance of both genes in roots slightly increased Upon salt treatment and after 3 days reached to their maximum levels and this expression continued until 8 days and then decreased to a basal expression similar to control for AlNHX gene but in AlSOS1 decreased to reach a new steady-state in which the mRNA content was about 2-fold that of control plants.
Research Paper
Molecular Plant Breeding
M Ghaderi; A.R Abbasi; A.H Salmanian
Volume 2, Issue 2 , September 2012, Pages 39-47
Abstract
Drought is by far the most important environmental stress in agriculture and many efforts have been made to improve crop productivity under water-limiting conditions.Minimizing the ‘yield gap’ and increasing yield stability under different stress conditions are of strategic importance in guaranteeing ...
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Drought is by far the most important environmental stress in agriculture and many efforts have been made to improve crop productivity under water-limiting conditions.Minimizing the ‘yield gap’ and increasing yield stability under different stress conditions are of strategic importance in guaranteeing food for the future. Expansin is a protein super family with 4 families in vascular plants. Expansions are cell wall proteins which mediate acidic cell wall loosening through breaking hydrogen bonds between cellulose and glycan matrix. In this study pBIEXPA1 construct was constructed. Arabidopsis plants were transformed by pBIEXPA1 which contained nptII gene and AtEXPA1 gene which was under the control of CaMV35s promoter. Transformation was done by floral dip which did not need any tissue culture and transformed plants were T1. Transformed seedlings were able to remain green on MS medium containing 50 mg/L kanamycin. Transgenic plants were confirmed by PCR. As expected two 753 and 1080bp band were seen in transgenic plants.
Research Paper
Genetic Engineering and Gene Transformation
S Nasr-Ramzi; M Sohani; H Hasani; J Asghari
Volume 2, Issue 2 , September 2012, Pages 49-62
Abstract
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation technique is a powerful and essential tool for genetic transformation and transgenic rice plant production. In this study an in planta transformation method was used for rice plants transformation. Therefore, rice seeds were socked for two days and the mature rice ...
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Agrobacterium-mediated transformation technique is a powerful and essential tool for genetic transformation and transgenic rice plant production. In this study an in planta transformation method was used for rice plants transformation. Therefore, rice seeds were socked for two days and the mature rice embryos was inoculated by means of an Agrobacterium coated needle. An experiment with factorial design including two strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens (EHA105 and LBA4404) harboring pCAMBIAl105.1R, three levels of Acetosyringone (0, 100 and 200 Mµ), three cultivars of rice (Hashemi, Hasani and Gharib) and two treatments of vacuum and no vacuum operation was carried out in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Integration of the transgene into the genome of putative transgenic rice plants were confirmed using resistance of leaf tissues to Hygromycin, the histiochemical GUS assay and PCR with at least three different genes. Accordingly, EHA105 strain and Hashemi cultivar in the presence of 100µM acetosyringone using vacuum in a vir genes induction medium had a significant transformation efficiency (37.46%). The success of transformation was further confirmed by analysis of T1 generation with 21% transgenic.
Research Paper
Molecular Plant Breeding
M Naghavi; R Sarvestanir
Volume 2, Issue 2 , September 2012, Pages 63-71
Abstract
Plant colors are basically three categories of flavonoid, carotenoid and betalains. Flavonoid and in particular anthocyanins are main colored pigments of flower, fruits and seeds. Biosynthetic pathway leading to biosynthesis of anthocyanin among species is well conserved. One of the key enzymez in anthocyanins ...
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Plant colors are basically three categories of flavonoid, carotenoid and betalains. Flavonoid and in particular anthocyanins are main colored pigments of flower, fruits and seeds. Biosynthetic pathway leading to biosynthesis of anthocyanin among species is well conserved. One of the key enzymez in anthocyanins biosynthesis pathway is dihydroflavonol 4-reductase which converts dihydroflavonols into their leucoanthocyanidins. In order to investigate the role of 134th amino acid position on substrate specificity determination of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase enzyme, different amino acid sequences of this enzyme have been collected from database and analyzed. Multiple amino acid sequence alignment showed that the amino acid sequence of this enzyme is protected among different species. In two studied species neither of two conserved amino acid including aspargine and aspartic acid at this position was found. Our results clearly indicate that this position cannot alone-responsible for determinate substrate specificity of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase enzyme, and lateral positions of 134th residue maybe are involved in this determining substrate specificity.
Research Paper
Genetic Engineering and Gene Transformation
S Shahbazi; N Safaie; A Mousavi; F Sanjarian; A Alizadeh
Volume 2, Issue 2 , September 2012, Pages 73-85
Abstract
Fusarium Head Blight (FHB), which is caused commonly by Fusarium graminearum, has ability to result significant reduce in yield and also cause indirect losses due to the accumulation of potent mycotoxins (trichothecenes) in harvested grain as secondary metabolites; which are hazardous for human and animal. ...
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Fusarium Head Blight (FHB), which is caused commonly by Fusarium graminearum, has ability to result significant reduce in yield and also cause indirect losses due to the accumulation of potent mycotoxins (trichothecenes) in harvested grain as secondary metabolites; which are hazardous for human and animal. Trichothecene mycotoxins (such as DON) are potent protein synthesis inhibitors for eukaryotic organisms. Trans expression of AYT1 gene from S. cerevisiae capable of trichothecene 3-O-acetylation and converts DON to a less toxic acetylated form. One of the detoxification and resistance to mycotoxins is acetylation. The main goal of this study was to evaluate transgenic tobacco model plants to deoxynivalenol (DON). In order to detect expression of the AYT1 transgene, we added cMyc tag via PCR-Tagging method and introduced it into the model tobacco plants through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in an attempt to detoxify DON. After confirmation of integrations of AYT1-cMyc into the tobacco genome by molecular analyses, Immuno-blotting and serological protein studies and trichothecene acetyl transferase activity analyses confirmed the expression of AYT1 and tolerance to 10 ppm concentration of DON in transgenic lines was observed.
Research Paper
A Saidi; N Irvani; A.R Zare
Volume 2, Issue 2 , September 2012, Pages 87-95
Abstract
An efficient in vitro propagation protocol of Rosa hybrid Cv. City of leads by axillary shoot proliferation from nodal segments of mature plants was developed. Explants were cultured on two medium formulations, namely Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Van der salm supplemented with various concentrations ...
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An efficient in vitro propagation protocol of Rosa hybrid Cv. City of leads by axillary shoot proliferation from nodal segments of mature plants was developed. Explants were cultured on two medium formulations, namely Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Van der salm supplemented with various concentrations of N6- benzyladenine (BA) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The best explant establishment (100%) and shoot number (3.4 axillary shoots/ explant) was achieved in Van der salm medium supplemented with 2 mg l-1 BA and 0.05 mg l-1 NAA. The following step was to improve the clonal propagation of this cultivar. Multiple shoots were induced from shoot tips cultured on agar based Vander salm medium containing BA (0, 0.5, 1.25, 1.5 and 1.75 mg l-1) alone or in combination with NAA (0, 0.03, 0.06 and 0.09 mg l-1). The highest number (9.6 shoot per explants) of proliferated shoots was obtained with 1.75 mg l-1 BA plus 0.03 mg l-1 NAA. Elongation of the induced shoots was achieved on Van der salm basal medium containing 0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 mg l-1 BA alone or in combination with 0, 0.03, 0.06 and 0.09 mg l-1 NAA. The best treatment for shoot elongation was obtained with 0.01 mg l-1 BA plus 0.09 mg l-1 NAA. Elongated shoots were excised and transferred into rooting medium containing auxins NAA or IBA. The highest percentage (93.0 %) of root induction was obtained on Van der salm medium supplemented with 0.05 mg l-1 NAA.
