ارزیابی تأثیر نگهداری انجماد فراسرد بر پایداری ‏ژنتیکی گیاهچه‌ها و نسل اول گیاهان سیب‏زمینی ‏‏(‏Solanum tuberosum‏) در ارقام آریندا و سانته با ‏استفاده از نشانگرهای مولکولی ‏

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 ‏‏ ‏ گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران‏.‏

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد چالوس

3 بخش تحقیقات کشت بافت وسلول، پژوهشگاه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی

10.30473/cb.2026.75874.2019

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر انجماد فراسرد بر ثبات ژنتیکی و فیزیولوژیکی دو رقم سیب‌زمینی (آریندا و سانته) در دو مرحله رشد (گیاهچه‌های باززایی‌شده و گیاهان نسل اول) انجام شد. گیاهچه‌های عاری از ویروس ابتدا در شرایط درون شیشه تولید شدند و سپس تحت دو تیمار شامل ۱) نگهداری در شرایط درون‌شیشه‌ای و ۲) انجماد فراسرد به روش کپسوله‌سازی و دهیدراته‌سازی قرار گرفتند. پس از بازیابی و تکثیر، بخشی از نمونه‌ها در مرحله گیاهچه برای ارزیابی مولکولی استفاده شدند و بخش دیگر به گلخانه انتقال یافتند تا مینی‌تیوبر تولید و در نسل اول مورد ارزیابی قرار گیرند. پس از کاشت مینی‌تیوبرها در قالب کشت گلدانی، نمونه‌برداری برای آزمایش‌های مولکولی انجام شد. تحلیل ژنتیکی با ۱۵ جفت نشانگر ریزماهواره و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار (۱۰ گیاه در هر تکرار) در هر دو مرحله صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که هیچ‌گونه تنوع ژنتیکی قابل‌توجهی میان گیاهچه‌ها و گیاهان نسل اول حاصل از دو روش نگهداری مشاهده نشد. همچنین ارزیابی‌های فیزیولوژیکی، از جمله درصد بقا، رشد رویشی و کیفیت مینی‌تیوبرها، تفاوت معنی‌داری را بین تیمارها نشان نداد. این یافته‌ها بیانگر آن است که روش انجماد فراسرد علاوه بر حفظ تنوع ژنتیکی، بر عملکرد و توان زایشی گیاهان نیز اثر منفی ندارد. در مجموع، نتایج تأیید می‌کنند که انجماد فراسرد با روش کپسوله‌سازی و دهیدراته‌سازی روشی ایمن و کارآمد برای نگهداری بلندمدت ژرم‌پلاسم سیب‌زمینی است، بدون آن‌که تغییرات ژنتیکی یا فیزیولوژیکی قابل‌مشاهده‌ای ایجاد نماید. این موضوع می‌تواند نقش مهمی در برنامه‌های به‌نژادی، بانک‌های ژن و تولید بذر عاری از ویروس ایفا نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the effects of cryopreservation on the genetic stability of potato (Solanum tuberosum) plantlets and first-generation plants in Arinda and Sante cultivars using molecular markers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sayed Ali Mirbabaie 1
  • morteza samdaliri 2
  • Reza Zarghami 3
  • Amirabbas Mousavi 2
  • Ali Eftekhari 2
1 Department of Agronomy, Cha.C., Islamic Azad Univercity, Chaloos, Iran.
2 Department of Agriculture,chaloos Branch, Islamic Azad Univercity, chaloos, Iran.
3 Department of tissue and cell culture, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran.
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cryopreservation on the genetic and physiological stability of two potato cultivars (Arinda and Sante) at two developmental stages (regenerated plantlets and first-generation plants). Virus-free plantlets were first established under in vitro conditions and then subjected to two treatments: (1) in vitro maintenance and (2) cryopreservation using the encapsulation-dehydration technique. After recovery and multiplication, a subset of the samples was analyzed at the plantlet stage for molecular evaluation, while the remaining ones were transferred to the greenhouse to produce minitubers and subsequently assessed in the first generation. Following pot cultivation of the minitubers, samples were collected for molecular analyses. Genetic assessment was carried out using 15 pairs of microsatellite markers under a completely randomized design with three replications (10 plants per replicate) at both stages. The results showed no significant genetic variation between plantlets and first-generation plants derived from the two storage methods. Furthermore, physiological evaluations, including survival rate, vegetative growth, and minituber quality, revealed no meaningful differences between treatments. These findings demonstrate that cryopreservation not only maintains genetic fidelity but also does not adversely affect plant performance or reproductive capacity. Overall, the results confirm that cryopreservation using encapsulation-dehydration is a safe and reliable approach for the long-term conservation of potato germplasm without inducing detectable genetic or physiological alterations. This strategy may play a valuable role in breeding programs, germplasm banks, and the large-scale production of virus-free seed potatoes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cryopreservation
  • Potato
  • Tissue Culture
  • SSR Markers
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