با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن بیوتکنولوژی جمهوری اسلامی ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، بخش تحقیقات غلات، کرج

2 کارشناسان آزمایشگاه مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، بخش تحقیقات غلات، کرج

3 کارشناس آزمایشگاه،مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، بخش تحقیقات غلات، کرج

4 استاد، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، بخش تحقیقات غلات، کرج

چکیده

زنگ زرد، قهوه‌ای و سیاه گندم از پر خسارت‌زاترین بیماری‌های گندم در ایران و جهان هستند. استفاده از ارقام مقاوم به این بیماری‌ها، موثرترین و اقتصادی‌ترین روش کنترل آن‌ها می‌باشد. در حال حاضر برای تعداد قابل توجهی از ژن‌های مقاومت به این سه بیماری، نشانگرهای مولکولی مرتبط شناخته شده است. در این تحقیق ارقام گندم نان در دست معرفی چهار اقلیم کشور جهت تشخیص حضور و عدم حضور ژن‌ها و یا جایگاه‌های ژنی مقاومت در مرحله‌ی گیاه کامل و گیاهچه‌ای شامل Lr46/Yr29/Pm39، Lr34/Yr18/Pm38، Lr67/Yr46، Sr2/PBC، Sr24/Lr24، Sr26، Sr31/Yr9/Lr26، L21، Sr38/Yr17/Lr37، Srcad و Lr29 با استفاده از نشانگرهای مولکولی پیوسته با آن‌ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که جایگاه‌های ژنی Lr46/Yr29/Pm39، Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 هر کدام در 4 لاین، Lr67/Yr46 در 5 لاین، و جایگاه‌های ژنی Sr31/Yr9/Lr26 و Sr38/Yr17/Lr37 نیز هرکدام فقط در یک لاین دیده شدند. سایر جایگاه‌های ژنی در هیچ کدام از لاین‌های مورد بررسی مشاهده نشدند. نتایج به‌دست آمده از این تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که فراوانی حضور این ژن‌ها در ارقام در دست معرفی پایین بوده و بنابراین بایستی در برنامه‌های اصلاح برای مقاومت به این بیماری‌ها از لاین‌های حاوی ژن‌های مقاومت استفاده گردد تا باعث افزایش فراوانی حضور این ژن‌ها در ارقام اصلاح شده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on the presence of resistance gene loci to yellow, stem and leaf rust diseases using molecular markers in pre-released wheat lines

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rahim Mehrabi 1
  • Mohsen Sarhangi 2
  • Elham Ala-Hassani 3
  • Habibolah Ghazvini 1
  • Farzad Afshari 4

1 Assistant Professor, Cereal Research Department, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran

2 Laboratory Technicians, Cereal Research Department, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran

3 Laboratory Technicians, Cereal Research Department, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran

4 Professor, Cereal Research Department, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Yellow, leaf and stem rusts are among the most devastating diseases of wheat in Iran and worldwide. The use of resistant cultivars is the most effective and economic approach to control these diseases. To date, a significant number of molecular markers linked to the resistance loci to these diseases have been identified. In this study, pre-released wheat lines of four major wheat climate zones of Iran were evaluated for the presence or absence of molecular markers linked to 11 resistance loci including Lr46/Yr29/Pm39, Lr34/Yr18/Pm38, Lr67/Yr46, Sr2/PBC, Sr24/Lr24, Sr26, Sr31/Yr9/Lr26, L21, Sr38/Yr17/Lr37, SrCad and Lr29. The results showed that Lr46/Yr29/Pm39, Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 and Lr67/Yr46 loci existed in four and five genotypes, respectively, while Sr31/Yr9/Lr26 and Sr38/Yr17/Lr37 loci existed only in one genotype. The remaining genotypes did not possess markers linked to resistance loci tested in this study. The results showed that the frequency of presence of these loci in pre-released lines is low and, thus, lines possessing the resistance loci should be incorporated in wheat breeding programs in order to increase the frequency of the resistance genes in new cultivars.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Wheat
  • Stem rust
  • Yellow rust
  • Leaf rust
  • Molecular markers
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