بررسی پاسخ آنزیمی و بیان نسبی ژن‌های کاتالاز و آسکوربیت پراکسیداز به تنش خشکی تحت تأثیر سیلیکون در گیاه جو

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی دانشگاه بین‌‌المللی امام خمینی(ره)، قزوین

2 دانشیار گروه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی دانشگاه امام خمینی (ره) قزوین

3 عضو گروه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی دانشگاه امام خمینی (ره) قزوین

چکیده

تنش­های غیرزیستی مختلف در گیاهان منجر به تولید بیش از حد گونه­های اکسیژن فعال (ROS) و باعث آسیب به پروتئین­ها، چربی­ها، کربوهیدرات­ها و DNA می­شود. برای مقابله با تنش­ اکسیداتیو در گیاهان دفاع آنتی­اکسیدانی مانند کاتالاز و آسکوربیت پراکسیداز برای محافظت از گیاهان فعالیت می­کند. سیلیکون دومین عنصر رایج موجود در خاک است که دارای اثرات مفیدی در افزایش تحمل به تنش خشکی در گیاهان می­باشد. بدین منظور اثر ناشی از تنش خشکی در بیان نیمه­کمی ژن­های کاتالاز و آسکوربیت­پراکسیداز و فعالیت آنزیمی آنها در دو لاین گیاه جو دو ردیفه (Hordeum vulgare L.) 20315-CB (مقاوم) و 20213CB- (حساس) در مرحله پنجه­دهی در گلخانه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار و سه تیمار شاهد، خشکی و سیلیکون –خشکی (2میلی­مولار سیلیکات­سدیم/ کیلوگرم خاک) اجرا شد. آنالیز نیمه­کمی RT-PCR اختلاف معنی­داری را بین تیمارها نشان داد. بیشترین میزان بیان ژن کاتالاز و آسکوربیت پراکسیداز در تیمار سیلیکون-خشکی مشاهده شد. نتایج نشان داد در هر دو رقم کاربرد سیلیکون، فعالیت آنزیم­های ضد­اکسنده را تحت شرایط تنش خشکی افزایش می­دهد. با توجه به نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه به نظر می­رسد که سیلیکون احتمالا در تغییرات فیزیولوژیکی و متابولیکی جهت افزایش مقاومت به خشکی در گیاهان نقش داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of the Enzymatic Response and Relative Gene Expression of Catalase and Ascorbate Peroxidase to Drought Stress in Barley Plant under Silicon Effect

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saba Mokhlesian 1
  • Raheem Haddad 2
  • Ghasemali Garoosi 2
  • Maryam Ghannadnia 3
1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
2 Associate Professors, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Various abiotic stresses lead to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants and cause to damage to proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and DNA. Antioxidative enzymes such as catalase and ascorbate peroxidase are activated to protect the plants against oxidative stress.Silicon is the second most common element in soil that has beneficial effects in improving plants tolerance to drought stress.Accordingly, the effects of drought stress on semi-quantitative gene expression and enzymatic activities of both catalase and ascorbate peroxidase were investigated in two lines of two-row barley named CB-20315 (resistant) and CB-20213 (sensitive) in tillering stage in a greenhouse. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with three replications for three treatments of control, drought and silicon-drought (sodium silicate 2 mg / 1 kg), and analyzed in factorial experiment. RT-PCR semi-quantitative analysis revealed significant differences between treatments. The highest level of gene expression was observed for both enzymes in the silicon-drought treatment. The data showed that silicone application affect antioxidant enzymes activity to increase in both studied lines under drought stress. According to the results of this study it might be concluded that silicon participate in physiological and metabolic changes to enhance plants tolerance to drought stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant Enzymes
  • Silicon
  • oxidative stress
  • Gene expression

مراجع

Aebi H (1984) Catalase in vitro. Methods Enzymol. 105: 121-126.
Ahmed M, Hassen FU, Qadeer U, Aslam MA (2011) Silicon application and drought tolerance mechanism of sorghum. Afr J Agric Res. 6: 594-607.
Ahuja I, de Vos RCH, Bones AM, Hall RD (2010) Plant molecular stress responses face climate change. Trends Plant Sci. 15: 664-674.
Ara N, Nakkanong K, Lv W, Yang J, Hu Z, Zhang M (2013) Antioxidant enzymatic activities and gene expression associated with heat tolerance in the stems and roots of two Cucurbit species (Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita moschata) and their interspecific inbred line Maxchata. Int. J. Mol Sci. 14: 24008-24028.
Balakhnina T, Borkowska A (2013) Effects of silicon on plant resistance to environmental stresses: review. Int. Agrophys. 27: 225-232.
Caruso G, Cavaliere C, Foglia P, Gubbiotti R, Samperi R, Lagana A (2009) Analysis of drought responsive proteins in wheat (Triticum durum) by 2D-PAGE and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Plant Sci. 177: 570-576.
Del Rio LA, Corpas FJ, Sandalio LM, Palma JM, Gomez M, Barroso JB (2002) Reactive oxygen species,  antioxidant systems and nitric oxide in peroxisomes. J. Exp. Bot. 53:1255-1272.
Foyer CH, Noctor G (2005) Oxidant and antioxidant signalling in plants: a reevaluation of the concept oxidative stress in a physiological context. Plant Cell Environ. 28: 1056-1071.
 Gagoonani S, Enteshari S, Delavar K, Behyar M (2011) Interactive effects of silicon and aluminum on the malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, protein and phenolic compounds in Borago officinalis L. J. Med. Plants Res. 24: 5818-5827.
Gill SS, Tuteja N (2010) Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 48: 909-930.
Gong HZ, Chen K, Wang S, Zhang C (2005) Silicon alleviates oxidative damage of wheat plants in pots under drought. Elesevier Sci, Shannon, Ireland. 169: 313-321.
Gratao PL, Polle A, Lea PJ, Azevedo RA (2005) Making the life of heavy metal stressed plants a little easier, Funct. Plant Biol. 32: 481-494.
Kiani SP, Maury P, Sarrafi A, Grieu P (2008) QTL analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under well-watered and water-stressed conditions. Plant Sci. 175:565- 573.
Kim YH, Khan AL, Waqas M, Shim JK, Kim DH, Lee KY, Lee IJ (2014) Silicon application to rice root zone influenced the phytohormonal and antioxidant responses under salinity stress. Plant Growth Regul. 33: 137-149.
Li L, Yi H (2012) Effect of sulfur dioxide on ROS production, gene expression and antioxidant enzyme activity in Arabidopsis plants. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 58: 46-53.
Liu JJ, Lin SH, Xu PL, Wang XJ, Bai JG (2009) Effects of exogenous silicon on the activities of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in chilling-stressed cucumber leaves. Agr. Sci. China. 8: 1075-1086.
Ma JF, Yamaji N (2006) Silicon uptake and accumulation in higher plants. Trends plant Sci. 11: 392-397.
Mittal S, Kumari N, Sharma V (2012) Differential response of salt stress on Brassica juncea: Photosynthetic performance, pigment, proline, D1 and antioxidant enzymes. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 54: 17-26.
Mittler R, Vanderauwera S, Gollery M, Van Breusegem F (2004) Reactive oxygen gene network of plants. Trends Plant Sci. 9:490-498.
Nakano Y, Asada K (1987) Purification of ascorbate peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts; its inactivation in ascorbate-depleted medium and reactivation by monodehydroascorbate radical. Plant Cell Physiol. 28: 131-140.
Noctor G, Foyer CH (1998) Ascorbate and glutathione: keeping active oxygen under control. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol Biol. 49:249-279.
Polanco LR, Rodrigues FA, Nascimento KJT, Cruz MFA, Curvelo CRS, DaMatta FbM, Vale FXR (2014) Photosynthetic gas exchange and antioxidative system in common bean plants infected by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and supplied with silicon. Trop. Plant Pathol. 39: 35-42.
Rao ST, Rossmann MG (1973) Comparison of super-secondary structures in proteins. J. Mol. Biol. 76: 241-256.
Robertson EF, Dannelly HK, Malloy PJ, Reeves HC (1987) Rapid isoelectric focusing in a vertical polyacrylamide minigel system. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 167: 290-294.
Seo PJ (2009) TheMYB96 transcription factor mediates abscisic acid signaling during drought stress response in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 151: 275-289.
Shigeoka S, Ishikawa T, Tamoi M, Miyagawa Y, Takeda T, Yabuta Y, Yoshimura K (2002) Regulation and function of ascorbate peroxidase isoenzymes. J. Exp. Bot. 53:1305-1319.
Soylemezoglu G, Demir K (2009) Effect of silicon on antioxidant and stomatal response of two grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) rootstocks grown in boron toxic, saline and boron toxic-saline soil. Sci. Horticult. 123(2): 240-246.
Urano K, Maruyama K, Ogata Y, Morishita Y, Takeda M, Sakurai N, Suzuki H, Saito K, Shibata D, Kobayashi M (2009) Characterization of the ABA-regulated global responses to dehydration in Arabidopsis by metabolomics. Plant J. 57: 1065-1078.

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار