شناسایی QTLهای مرتبط با تحمل شوری در مراحل اولیه جوانه‌زنی جو

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران

چکیده

شوری یکی از اصلی‌ترین تنش‌های اسمزی است که رشد و تولید گیاهان را از طریق تغییر در تعادل یونی و اسمزی محدود می‌کند. به‎منظور مکان‌یابی نواحی ژنومی کنترل کننده صفات کمی (QTLS) مرتبط با تحمل به شوری در دانة جو و ارزیابی شاخص‌های مربوطه، آزمایشی در سال‌ 1394 با استفاده از 72 لاین هاپلوئید مضاعف به‎همراه والدین آنها (استپتو و مورکس) در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با دو تکرار در سه شرایط شامل وضعیت نرمال و دو سطح شوری (100 و 200 میلی مولار NaCl) اجرا گردید. صفات مورد بررسی در این تحقیق عبارت بودند از ضریب سرعت جوانه‌زنی، درصد جوانه‌زنی نهایی، میانگین زمان جوانه‌زنی، شاخص میزان جوانه‌زنی و میانگین سرعت جوانه‌زنی. تجزیه QTL به‎روش مکان‌یابی فاصله‌ای مرکب (CIM) بر اساس میانگین در هر سه محیط انجام گرفت. در مجموع 47 عدد QTL با 5/2≤LOD برای صفات مختلف شناسایی و 7 اثر اپیستازی افزایشی × افزایشی معنی دار به‌دست آمد. واریانس فنوتیپی کل توجیه شده بوسیلة این QTLها از 97/29 تا 15/77 درصد متغیر بود که کمترین آن برای صفت شاخص میزان جوانه‌زنی در شرایط تنش 200 میلی مولار و بیشترین آن مربوط به صفت ضریب سرعت جوانه‌زنی در شرایط نرمال بود. بیشترین 27/8=LOD برای شاخص ضریب سرعت جوانه‌زنی روی کروموزوم 4Hb در شرایط تنش 100 میلی مولار به‌دست آمد. از QTL‌های پایدار در هر سه محیط و نشانگرهای جفت شده با آنها در روش گزینش به‎کمک نشانگر (MAS) می‌توان برای بهبود صفات جوانه‌زنی در شرایط شوری پس از آزمایش‌ و تکرار در چند سال استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying QTLs associated with salinity tolerance in the early stages of germination of barley

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marouf Khalili 1
  • Rahim Mohammadian 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
2 M.Sc. Student, Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Salinity is one of the main osmotic stresses that limit plants growth and development through changes in osmotic and ionic balances. In order to mapping of genomic regions of controlling quantitative trait locus (QTLs), related to salinity tolerance in grain barley and assessment of associated indices, an experiment was conducted during 2015 using 72 double haploid lines of barley along with their parents (Stepto and Morex) in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replications, at three conditions including normal and two salinity levels of NaCl (100 and 200 mM NaCl). Investigated traits in this study were coefficient of velocity of germination, final germination percentage, mean germination time, germination rate index and average germination speed. QTL analysis using composite interval mapping (CIM) was performed based on mean of three environments. Overall, for different traits 47 QTL with LOD≥2.5 was identified and 7 additive-by-additive significant epistatic effects were observed. Total phenotypic variance explained by the QTLs varied from 29.97 to 77.15 percent, which the lowest related to germination rate index under stress conditions of 200 mM and the highest related to coefficient of velocity of germination in normal conditions. The highest LOD (8.27) was obtained for coefficient of velocity of germination on chromosome of 4Hb under 100 mM stress conditions. Stable QTLs in three environments as well as linked markers could be used in the marker assisted selection (MAS) to improve germination characteristics under salinity conditions at different trials replicated over years.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Barley
  • germination
  • identification of QTL
  • salinity stress

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