بررسی حضور ژن مقاومت به زنگ سیاه Sr2 در ارقام و لاین های امید بخش گندم ایران با استفاده از نشانگرهای مولکولی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 کارشناس آزمایشگاه، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

زنگ سیاه گندم (Puccinia graminis) به عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین و رایج ترین بیماری های گندم در اغلب کشورهای جهان شناخته می‌شود. در دهه‌های آخر قرن بیستم به کار گرفتن تعدادی از ژن های مقاومت به زنگ سیاه مانند Sr24، Sr26، Sr31، Sr36 و Sr38 در ارقام گندم باعث شد خسارت ناشی از بیماری به طور چشم‌گیری کاهش یابد. یکی از ژن هایی که باعث مقاومت پایدار نسبت به زنگ سیاه در این دوره بود، ژن Sr2 است که از گندم تورجیدوم(Triticum turgidum) به گندم معمولی انتقال یافته است. ژن Sr2 باعث القای مقاومت در مرحله گیاه بالغ می گردد و ژنی با مقاومت غیر اختصاصی (Non-race specific resistance) با اثر کاهش بیماری زنگ (Slow rusting) می باشد. در سال های اخیر، نشانگرهای مولکولی پیوسته با ژن Sr2 شناسایی شده و در بسیاری از کشورها مورد استفاده قرار گرفته اند. در این تحقیق حضور ژن Sr2 در تعدادی از ارقام و لاین های امیدبخش گندم کشور با استفاده از یک نشانگر ریز ماهواره gwm533 و یک نشانگر CAPS انجام گردید. نتایج نشان داد که از مجموع 188 ژنوتیپ مورد بررسی، آلل های پیوسته با ژن Sr2 در 16 ژنوتیپ وجود داشتند. نتایج این تحقیق همچنین بیانگر این بود که نشانگر جدید CAPS دقت بسیار بالاتری نسبت به نشانگر gwm533 در تعیین ژن Sr2 در ژنوتیپ های گندم دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on presence of stem rust resistance gene Sr2 in the Iranian varieties and elite wheat lines by using molecular markers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Habibollah Ghazvini 1
  • Mohsen Mohsen 2
1 Associate Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
2 Laboratory Technician, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Stem rust of wheat caused by Puccinia graminis is known as one of the most important and prevalent diseases of wheat worldwide. Deployment of stem rust resistance genes such as Sr24, Sr26, Sr31, Sr36 and Sr38 in wheat cultivars in the last decades of 20th century dramatically reduced damaged caused by this disease. One of the durable resistance genes that controlled stem rust during this period was Sr2 which has been transferred to bread wheat from Triticum turgidum. Sr2 is a non-race specific resistance gene with slow rusting effect which confers resistance at the adult plant stage. In recent years, molecular markers which are tightly linked to Sr2 have been identified and are widely used in many countries. In this study, presence/absence of Sr2 in some of the Iranian varieties and elite wheat lines was tested using a SSR marker gwm533, and a CAPS marker. Results indicated that from 188 studied genotypes, only 16 genotypes had linked alleles to Sr2 genes. Results of this study also showed that the newly identified CAPS marker is more precise marker compared to SSR marker gwm533 to detect Sr2 gene.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Marker assisted breeding
  • Pyramiding of resistance gene
  • Adult plant resistance

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