ردیابی ژن‌های مقاومت به بیماری زنگ سیاه Sr42، Sr26 و SrTr6A در نتاج ارقام گندم بهار و پیشتاز با استفاده از گزینش برمبنای نشانگرهای مولکولی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 محقق/موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر

2 محقق / موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر

3 استاد دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه

4 کارشناس / موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر

چکیده

زنگ‌های غلات از مهم‌ترین بیماری‌های گندم در ایران و اکثر مناطق جهان می‌باشند. یکی از مؤثرترین روش‌های کنترل این بیماری ها استفاده از ارقام مقاوم است. این تحقیق با هدف شناسایی ژن‌های مقاومت به بیماری زنگ سیاه و هرمی کردن آنها در ارقام گندم بهار و پیشتاز انجام شد. برای این منظور، ابتدا بیماری‌زایی 18 جدایه عامل زنگ سیاه جمع‌آوری شده از مناطق مختلف کشور بر روی ارقام Eagle، AC Cadillac، Tr129، بهار و پیشتاز مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که ارقام Eagle, AC Cadillac و لاین Tr129 با دارا بودن ژن‌های Sr42، Sr26 و SrTr6A نسبت به اکثر نژادهای مورد بررسی مقاوم بودند. برای انتقال ژن‌های مقاومت به ارقام بهار و پیشتاز، پس از انجام تلاقی‌های اولیه و تکمیلی، گیاهچه-های F1 حاصل نسبت به بیماری زنگ سیاه ارزیابی شدند و با استفاده از نشانگرهای مولکولی حضور و یا عدم حضور ژن‌های مقاومت به بیماری در نتاج تلاقی‌های تکمیلی مورد شناسایی قرار گرفت. برای تشخیص ژن Sr26 از آغازگرهای Sr26#43 و BE518379، برای شناسایی ژن Sr42 از آغازگر Srcad از نوع STS (FSD_RSA) و برای شناسایی ژن SrTr6A از آغازگرهای Gpw2295 و Gpw4032 که در بین والدین چندشکلی نشان داده بودند استفاده شد. با انجام آزمایش‌های گلخانه‌ای و نشانگرهای مولکولی مشخص شد که در تعدادی از نتاج رقم بهار انتقال ژن‌های مقاومت Sr26، SrTr6A وSr42 با موفقیت کامل صورت گرفته است. همچنین با توجه به توان تشخیص نشانگرهای مورد استفاده انتقال حداقل دو ژن از سه ژن مورد بررسی در نتاج رقم پیشتاز به اثبات رسید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Detection of stem rust resistance genes Sr42, Sr26 and SrTr6A in progeny of wheat cultivars Bahar and Pishtaz using marker assisted selection

نویسنده [English]

  • farshad bakhtiar 1
1 researcher/SPII
چکیده [English]

Cereal rusts are the most important wheat diseases in Iran and worldwide. One of the most effective control measures of these diseases is deployment of resistant cultivars. The objective of this study was identification of stem rust resistance genes and pyramiding these genes in wheat cultivars Bahar and Pishtaz. For this purpose, initially the virulence of eighteen isolates of stem rust that had been collected from several parts of Iran was studied in cultivars/lines Bahar, Pishtaz, Eagle, AC Cadillac and Tr129. Results showed that cultivars AC Cadillac, Eagle, and Tr129 with Sr42, Sr26 and SrTr6A genes had good levels of resistance to all evaluated isolates. In order to transfer resistance genes to Bahar and Pishtaz cultivars, after initial and complementary crosses the F1 seedling resulted were evaluated for their resistance to stem rust and consequently the progeny of complementary crosses were screened for presence or absence of resistance genes using molecular markers. For Sr26 gene, primers Sr26#43 and BE518379; for Sr42 gene, primer STS (FSD-RSA); and for SrTr6A gene, primers GPW2295 and GPW4032 that showed polymorphism between parents were used to detect presence or absence of resistance genes. Using the seedling test in green house and also detection of molecular markers, it was found that for progeny of complementary crosses in cultivar Bahar transfer of resistance genes Sr26, Sr42 and SrTr6A have been successfully completed, and in Pishtaz based on distinctive ability of markers used, at least transfer of two genes of three genes in progenies was proved.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Wheat
  • Disease
  • Stem rust
  • Molecular marker

مراجع

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