ارزیابی تنوع مولکولی و روابط ژنتیکی و تعیین ساختار جمعیت ژرم پلاسم نیشکر ایران با استفاده از نشانگر ریزماهواره

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زارعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران، تهران

2 استادیار گروه زارعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران

3 استادیار، پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

4 استادیار گروه به‌نژادی، موسسه تحقیقات و آموزش توسعه نیشکر و صنایع جانبی خوزستان، اهواز

5 دانشیار گروه زارعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران، تهران

6 کارشناس، پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

7 استادیار گروه به‌نژادی، موسسه تحقیقات و آموزش نیشکر و صنایع جانبی خوزستان

چکیده

با توجه به پتانسیل‌های موجود در گیاه نیشکر از لحاظ تولید انرژی و قند، بهترین راه برای استفاده از ظرفیت‌های موجود در گیاه نیشکر، بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی واریته‌های موجود جهت به کارگیری در برنامه‌های به نژادی می‌باشد. با مطالعه 30 جفت آغازگر ریزماهواره روی 160 واریته نیشکر، 169 آلل، با میانگین 6/5 آلل برای هر آغازگر حاصل شد. تعداد آلل موثر بین 06/1 برای مکان ژنی AP-SSR03 و 921/1 در مکان ژنی SMC119CG با میانگین 508/1 آلل برآورد شد. میزان محتوای چند شکلی آغازگرها بین 06/0 (برای جایگاه AP-SSR03) تا 5/0 (برای جایگاه SMC851MS) متغیر بود. تجزیه به مختصات اصلی (PCoA)، 6 گروه را مشخص نمود، به طوریکه سه مولفه اول 86/14 درصد از واریانس کل را توجیه می‌نمایند. تجزیه خوشه‌ای با روش مبتنی بر فاصله Neihbour-Joining و تجزیه ساختار جمعیت با روش مبتنی بر مدل Bayesian انجام شد. بهترین تعداد زیر جمعیت 6 عدد شناسایی شد، که در اکثر زیرجمعیت‌ها افرد بر اساس مناطق جغرافیایی از یکدیگر تفکیک نشدند. نتایج گروه‌بندی حاصل از روش مبتنی بر مدل Bayesian، ارتباط فیلوژنی و تجزیه به مختصات اصلی با هم مطابقت زیادی نشان دادند. نتایج واریانس ژنتیکی نشان داد که تنوع افراد درون جمعیت‌ها بیشتر از تنوع بین جمعیت‌‌ها می‌باشد. بنابراین در برنامه‌های اصلاحی نیشکر به منظور انتخاب والدین مناسب، انتخاب درون جمعیت‌ها می‌تواند انجام شود. اطلاعات به دست آمده در مطالعه حاضر، در برنامه‌های به‌نژادی به منظور حفاظت و مدیریت چنین مجموعه ژنتیکی با ارزشی در جهت کشت نیشکر برای استفاده از قند و انژی زیستی، مفید می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of molecular diversity and genetic relationship and structure of Iranian sugarcane germplasm using microsatellite markers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Atena Shadmehr 1
  • Hossein Ramshini 2
  • Mehrshad Zinalabedini 3
  • Masoud Parvizi Almani 4
  • MohammadReza Ghaffari 3
  • Aali Izadi darbandi 5
  • Maryam Farsi 6
1 Ph.D Student, Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, Agricultural College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy& Plant Breeding, Agricultural College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Agriculture Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Cane Development and Sidelong Industrial Research and Education Institute, Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran.
5 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy& Plant Breeding, Agricultural College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
6 Laboratory Technician, Agriculture Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Considering the potential of sugarcane in terms of energy and sugar production the study of genetic diversity is the best way to use available genetic germplasm for breeding programs in this plant. Thirty microsatellite primer pairs were used to screen 160 varieties. In total 169 alleles were recorded with an average of 5.6 alleles per locus. The number of effective alleles per locus was ranged from 1.06 (locus AP-SSR03) to 1.921 (locus SMC119CG) with an average of 1.508. The PIC value was variable ranging from 0.06 (for AP-SSR03) to 0.5 (for SMC851MS). The principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed six groups, so that the first three axes explained 15.20% of cumulative variation altogether. Clustering analysis was done using Neihbour-Joining algorithm and population structure analysis was performed using Bayesian method. The best number of sub-populations was identified as six. The grouping of genotypes in the sub-populations was not in consistent with their geographic origins. The grouping obtained from Bayesian method, phylogenetic relatedness analysis results and principal coordinates analysis grouping showed good agreement with each other. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that variation within subgroups was significantly higher than that of among subgroups. So it will be better to do selection within populations in order to select suitable parents in sugarcane breeding programs. The knowledge obtained in this study would be useful for breeding programs to improve the conservation and management of this valuable genetic resource to meet the demand of sugarcane cultivation for sugar and bioenergy production.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cluster analysis
  • Population structure
  • Polymorphic information content
  • Microsatelite markers

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