تجزیه QTL غلظت سدیم و پتاسیم و نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم در گندم تحت شرایط تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اصلاح نباتات، واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره) شهرری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج

3 گروه اصلاح نباتات، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

4 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

5 استادیار، پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج

چکیده

تاکنون QTL‌های زیادی برای عملکرد و اجزای آن در گندم نان در شرایط نرمال شناسایی شده است. به منظور شناسایی QTL‌های مرتبط با غلظت سدیم و پتاسیم در گندم نان تحت شرایط تنش شوری، از جمعیت 186 لاین اینبرد نوترکیب حاصل از تلاقی دو والد سوپرهد 2 و روشن استفاده شد. اعمال تیمارهای تنش شوری با استفاده از سیستم هیدروپونیک و در داخل گلخانه صورت پذیرفت. شرایط نرمال (10 میلی‌مولار NaCl) و تنش شوری (150 میلی‌مولار NaCl) در نظر گرفته شد و اعمال تنش به صورت مرحله‌ای صورت پذیرفت. نقشه ژنتیکی شامل 428 نشانگر دارت و 23 نشانگر ریز ماهواره بود. سه QTL برای هر یک از صفات غلظت سدیم و پتاسیم و یک QTL برای نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم بر روی کروموزوم‌هایA 4، B2، B3، B7 وD2 با استفاده از روش مکان‌یابی فاصله‌ای مرکب شناسایی گردید. QNa.abrii-3B، با LOD برابر 9/5، در حدود 3/8 درصد از تغییرات واریانس فنوتیپی غلظت سدیم را در شرایط تنش شوری توجیه می‌کرد و نشانگر gwm247 لینکاژ شدید با این QTL نشان داد. همچنین دو QTL برای غلظت سدیم بر روی کروموزوم‌های B2 و D2 شناسایی شدند و QNa.abrii-2D حدود 2/9 درصد واریانس فنوتیپی این صفت را در شرایط تنش شوری توجیه می‌کرد. با ادامه تحقیقات در آینده، احتمال شناسایی QNa.abrii-2B و QNa.abrii-2D به عنوان گروه دو همیولوگی در گندم، در کنار ژن Nax1 وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

QTL Analysis for Sodium and Potassium Concentration and Potassium to Sodium Ratio in Wheat Under Salt-Stress Condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amin Azadi 1
  • Mohsen Mardi 2
  • Eslam Majidi Harvan 3
  • Seyed Abolghasem Mohammadi 4
  • Foad Moradi 5
1 Department of Plant Breeding, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Agriculture Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
3 Department of Plant Breeding, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
5 Assistant Professor, Agriculture Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

So far, many quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been detected for yield and its components in wheat under normal conditions. In order to identify QTLs associated with concentrations of sodium and potassium in bread wheat under salt stress conditions, a population consisted of 186 recombinant inbred lines from a cross between Roshan ×SuperHead#2 were evaluated. Salinity treatments were performed using a hydroponic system in a greenhouse. Normal conditions (10 mM NaCl) and salinity (150 mM NaCl) were considered and stress was conducted in stages. The molecular genetic map of the population consisted of 23 simple sequence repeat (SSR) and 428 diversity arrays technology (DArT) markers. Three QTLs for each of sodium and potassium concentration traits and a QTL for potassium to sodium ratio were detected on chromosomes 4A, 2B, 3B, 7B and 2D using composite interval mapping approach. The QNa.abrii-3B, with a LOD score of 5.9, explained 8.3 % of the phenotypic variation for sodium concentration under salt stress conditions and gwm247 marker showed a strong linkage with this QTL. In addition, two novel QTLs for sodium concentration were detected on chromosomes 2B and 2D and QNa.abrii-2D explained 9.2 % of the phenotypic variation for this trait under salt stress conditions. Proceed with future researches, there is probability of identifying QNa.abrii-2B and QNa.abrii-2D as two homoeologous group in wheat, beside Nax1 gene.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • QTL
  • sodium concentration
  • potassium concentration
  • bread wheat
  • Salt stress

مراجع

Asch F, Dingkuhn M, Dorffling K, Miezan K, (2000) Leaf K/Na ratio predicts salinity. Induced yield loss in irrigated rice. Euphytica, 113: 109-118.
Ashraf M, O`Leary JW (1996) Responses of some newly developed salt-tolerant genotypes of spring wheat to salt stress: 1. Yield components and ion distribution. J. Agron. Crop Sci, 176: 91-101.
Azadi A, Mardi M, Majidi Hervan E, Mohammadi SA, Moradi F, Tabatabaee MT, Pirseyedi SM, Ebrahimi M, Fayaz F, Kazemi M, Ashkani S, Nakhoda B, Mohammadi-Nejad GH (2015) QTL mapping of yield and yield components under normal and salt stress conditions in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant Mol. Biol. Rep, 33: 102-120.  
Azhar FM, McNeilly T (1988) The genetic basis of variation for salt tolerance in Sorghum bicolor L. Moench seedlings. Plant Breeding; 101: 114-121.
Churchill, G. A, Doerge, R. W, (1994) Empirical threshold values for quantitative trait mapping. Genetics; 138: 963-971.
Díaz De León JL, Escoppinichi R, Geraldo N, Castellanos T, Mujeeb-Kazi A, Röder MS (2011) Quantitative trait loci associated with salinity tolerance in field grown bread wheat. Euphytica; 181: 371-383.
Edwards J, Shavrukov Y, Ramsey C, Tester M, Langridge P, Schnurbusch T (2009) Identification of a QTL on chromosome 7AS for sodium exclusion in bread wheat. In: Proceeding of the 11th International Wheat Genetics Symposium. Brisbane, Sydney University Press, Sydney; 3: 891-893.
Epstein E (1977) Genetic potential for solving problems of soil mineral stress: Adaptation of crops to salinity. Proc. of Workshop. Cornell University Exp. Stn. Special Bull., New York.
Flowers T, Yeo A (1995) Breeding for salinity resistance in crop plants: where next? Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 22: 875-884.
Garcia A, Senadhira D, Flowers TJ, Yeo AR (1995) The effects of selection for sodium transport and of selection for agronomic characteristics upon salt resistance in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 90: 1106-1111.
Garland SH, Lewin L, Abedinia M, Henry R, Blakeney A (1999) The use of microsatellite polymorphisms for the identification of Australian breeding lines of rice (Oriza sativa L.) Euphytica; 108: 53-63.
Genc Y, McDonald GK, Tester M (2007) Reassessment of tissue Na+ concentration as a criterion for salinity tolerance in bread wheat. Plant Cell Environ, 30: 1486-1498.
Genc Y, Oldach K, Verbyla AP, Lott G, Hassan M, Tester M, Wall work H, McDonald GK (2010) Sodium exclusion QTL associated with improved seedling growth in bread wheat under salinity stress. Theor. Appl. Genet, 121(5): 877-94.
Gorham J, Forster BP, Budrewicz E, Wyn Jones RG, Miller TE, Law CN (1986) Solute accumulation and distribution in an amphidiploid derived from Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring and Thinopyrum bessarabicum. J. Exp. Bot, 37: 1435-49.
Gorham J, Hardy C, Wyn Jones RG, Joppa LR, Law CN (1987) Chromosomal location of a K/Na discrimination character in the D genome of wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet, 74: 584-588.
Gorham J, Wyn Jones RG, Bristol A (1990) Partial characterization of the trait for enhanced K+-Na+ discrimination in the D genome of wheat. Planta, 180: 590-597.
Gorham J, Bridges J, Dubcovsky J, Dvorak J, Hollington PA, Luo MC, Khan JA (1997) Genetic analysis and physiology of a trait for enhanced K+/Na+ discrimination in wheat. New Phytol, 137: 109-116.
Grieve CM, Lesch SM, Maas EV, Francois LE (1993) Leaf and spikelet primordia initiation in salt-stressed wheat. Crop Sci, 33: 1286-1294.
Husain S, Munns R, Condon AG (2003) Effect of sodium exclusion trait on chlorophyll retention and growth of durum wheat in saline soil. Aust. J. Agr. Res, 54: 589-597.
James RA, Davenport RJ, Munns R (2006) Physiological characterization of two genes for Na+ exclusion in durum wheat, Nax1 and Nax2. Plant Physiol, 142: 1537-1547.
Kingsbury RW, Epstein E (1984) Selection for salt resistant spring wheat. Crop Sci, 34: 310-315.
Kosambi DD (1944) The estimation of map distances from recombination values. Ann. Hum. Genet, 12:172-175.
Lander ES, Botstein D (1989) Mapping Mendelian factors underlying quantitative traits using RFLP linkage maps. Genetics, 121: 185-199.
Lin HX, Zhu MZ, Yano M, Gao JP, Liang ZW, Su WA, Hu XH, Ren ZH, Chao DY (2004) QTLs for Na and K uptake of the shoots and roots controlling rice salt tolerance. Theor. Appl. Genet, 108: 253-260.
Lindsay MP, Lagudah ES, Hare RA, Munns R (2004) A locus for sodium exclusion (Nax1), a trait for salt tolerance, mapped in durum wheat. Func. Plant Bio, 31: 1105-1114.
Liqing M, Erfend Z, Naxing H, Ronghua Z, Guoying W, Jizeng J (2007) Genetic analysis of salt tolerance in recombinant inbred population of wheat (Triticum aestivem L.). Euphytica, 153: 109-117.
McCouch SR, Chen X, Panaud O, Temnykh S, Xu Y, Cho Y, Huang N, Ishii T, Blair M (1997) Microsatellite marker development, mapping and application in rice genetics and breeding. Plant Mol. Biol, 35: 89-99.
Munns R (1985) Na+, K+ and Cl- in xylem sap flowing to shoots of NaCl-treated barley. J. Exp. Bot, 36: 1032-1042.
Munns R, James RA (2003) Screening methods for salinity tolerance: a case study with tetraploid wheat. Plant Soil, 253: 201-218.
Munns R, James RA, Lauchli A (2006) Approaches to increasing the salt tolerance of    wheat and other cereals. J. Exp. Bot, 57: 1025-1043.
Munns R, Tester M (2008) Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology; 59: 651-681.
Narjesi V, Mardi M, Hervan EM, Azadi A, Naghavi MR, Ebrahimi M, Zali AA (2015) Analysis of Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Under Normal and Salt-Stress Conditions.  Plant Mol. Biol. Rep, 33: 2030-2040.
Nevo E, Krugman T, Beiles A (1993) Genetic resources for salt tolerance in the wild progenitor of wheat (Triticum dicoccoides) and barley (Hordeum sponteneum) in Israel. Plant Breeding; 110: 338-341.
Norlyn JD (1980) Breeding salt tolerance plants. In genetic engineering of osmoregulation. Plenum, New York.
Ogbonnaya FC, Huang S, Steadman E, Livinus E, Dreccer F, Lagudah ES, Munns R (2008) Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with salinity tolerance in synthetic derived backcrossed bread lines. In: Proceeding of the 11th International Wheat Genetics Symposium. Sydney University Press.
Pearce SC, Moore CS (1976) Reduction of experimental error in perennial crops, using adjustment by neighbouring crops. Exp. Agr, 12: 267-72.
Qadir M, Qureshi AS, Cheraghi SAM, (2008) Extent and characterization of salt-affected soils in Iran and strategies for their amelioration and management. Land Degrad. Dev, 19: 214-227.
Quarrie SA, Steed A, Calestani C, Semikhodskii A, Lebreton C, Chinoy C, Steele N, Pljevljakusic D, Waterman E, Weyen J, Schondelmaier J, Habash DZ, Farmer P, Saker L, Clarkson DT, Abugalieva A, Yessimbekova M, Turuspekov Y, Abugalieva S, Tuberosa R, Sanguineti MC, Hollington PA, Aragues R, Royo A, Dodig D (2005) A high-density genetic map of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from the cross Chinese Spring × SQ1 and its use to compare QTLs for grain yield across a range of environments. Theor. Appl. Genet, 110: 865-880.
Ravi K, Vadez V, Isobe S, Mir RR, Guo Y, Nigam SN, Gowda MV, Radhakrishnan T, Bertioli DJ, Knapp SJ, Varshney RK (2010) Identification of several small main-effect QTLs and a large number of epistatic QTLs for drought tolerance related traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Theor. Appl. Genet, 122(6): 1119-32.
Rawson HM, Richards RA, Munns R (1988) An examination of selection criteria for salt tolerance in wheat, barley and triticale genotypes. Aust. J. Agr. Res, 39: 759-772.
Rengasamy P (2006)World salinization with emphasis on Australia. J. Exp. Bot, 57:1017-1023.
Ro¨der MS, Plaschke J, Ko¨nig SU, Bo¨rner A, Sorrells ME (1995) Abundance, variability and chromosomal location of microsatellites in wheat. Mol. Gen. Genet, 246: 327-333.
Shannon MC (1984) Breeding, selection, and the genetic of salt tolerance. p. 231-254. In: R.C. Stapless and G.H. Toenniessen. Wiley. New York.
Tanksley SD (1993) Mapping polygenes. Annu. Rev. Genet, 27: 205-233.
Tanji KK (1990) Nature and extent of agricultural salinity. In: Tanji,K.K. (Ed.) Agriculture Assessment and Management .pp, 1-17. American Society of Civil Engineering, New York.
The TT (1973) Transference of resistance to stem rust from Triticum monococcum L. to hexaploid wheat. Dissertation. University of Sydney.
Ungerer MC, Halldorsdottir SS, Modliszewski JL, Mackay TFC, Purugganan MD (2002) Quantitative trait loci for inflorescence development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genetics; 160: 1133-1151.
Wang S, Basten CJ, Zeng ZB (2012b) Windows QTL Cartographer 2.5. Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC. http://statgen.ncsu.edu/qtlcart/WQTLCart.htm
Yang GP Maroof MAS, Xu CG, Zhang Q, Biyashcv RM (1994) Comparative analysis of microsatellite DNA polymorphism in land races and cultivars of rice. Mol. Gen. Genet, 245: 187-194.

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار