بررسی تحمل به تنش شوری و تنوع آللی نشانگرهای ریزماهواره مرتبط با شوری در ژنوتیپ های گندم ایرانی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی- موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال وبذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه زراعت واصلاح نباتات دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه ، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تنوع آللی نشانگرهای ریزماهواره مرتبط با نواحی QTLهای دخیل در تحمل به شوری و ارتباط این نشانگرها با عملکرد تحت شرایط نرمال و تنش شوری در گندم‌های ایرانی، تعداد 25 ژنوتیپ گندم نان (شامل ارقام و لاین‌های بومی و اصلاح شده متحمل تا حساس) با استفاده از 45 جفت آغازگر ریزماهواره مرتبط با شوری مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج مقایسه میانگین عملکرد دانه در هر دو شرایط محیطی حاکی از وجود اختلاف معنی دار بین ژنوتیپ‌ها بود. در شرایط تنش ژنوتیپ‌های شماره 25 (Pishtaz/Karchia) و 16 (Sissons/3/ Alvd//Aldan/Ias58) به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد دانه را نشان دادند. بر اساس میانگین عملکرد دانه (در شرایط تنش و بدون تنش) و شاخص‌های تحمل و حساسیت به تنش ژنوتیپ‌ها به گروه‌های متحمل، نیمه متحمل و حساس تقسیم شدند. بر اساس نتایج ارزیابی مولکولی از بین 45 نشانگر SSR مورد استفاده، تعداد 27 نشانگر، الگوی نواربندی چندشکل (پلی‌مورف) نشان دادند. در این نشانگرها در مجموع 95 آلل مشاهده شد که 89 آلل دارای چندشکلی بودند به طوریکه تعداد آلل برای هر آغازگر از دو تا هفت آلل متغیر و میانگین تعداد آلل 52/3 برای هر جفت نشانگر بود. محتوای اطلاعات چندشکلی (PIC) برای نشانگرهای مختلف از 077/0 تا 454/0 با میانگین 258/0 و میزان شاخص نشانگر (MI) از 15/0 تا 19/1 با میانگین 79/0 بود. تجزیه خوشه ای بر اساس داده‌های مولکولی، ضمن هم‌خوانی نسبی با نتایج حاصله از ارزیابی مزرعه-ای به خوبی توانست ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل و حساس را از هم تفکیک نماید و با گروه‌بندی بر اساس تجزیه به بردارهای اصلی با استفاده از نشانگرهای مولکولی نیز مطابقت زیادی داشت. نتایج حاصله نشان داد که نشانگرهایgwm291، gpw345، wmc249، barc353.1، cfa2170.2، gwm339 و wmc326 به‌طور نسبی از PIC و MI بیشتری برخوردار بوده و در نتیجه از قدرت تفکیک بالاتری در مقایسه با سایر آغازگرها برخوردار می باشند و می توانند به عنوان نشانگرهای مفید جهت بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی و برنامه‌های به‌نژادی برای تنش شوری استفاده شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on salinity tolerance and allelic diversity of microsatellite markers associated with salinity in Iranian wheat genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ashkboos Amini 1
  • Habibollah Gazvini 2
  • Reza Amirnia 3
1 Assistant professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
2 Associate professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Urmia University, Uromieh, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate allelic diversity of microsatellite markers in QTL‌ regions associated with salinity tolerance and to assess relatedness of these markers with yield performance of Iranian wheats under normal and salt stress conditions, twenty-five wheat genotypes (comprising tolerant and sensitive Iranian landraces, commercial cultivars and breeding lines), were studied using 45 microsatellite primers. Results of yield mean comparison showed that there were significant differences among genotypes in both environmental conditions. Under stress conditions, genotypes no 25 (Pishtaz/Karchia) and 16 (Sissons/3/Alvd//Aldan/Ias58) had the highest and lowest grain yields, respectively. Based on grain yield mean under both stress and non-stress conditions as well as tolerance and susceptibility indices, the genotypes were classified into tolerant, moderately tolerant and sensitive groups. From 45 microsatellite primer pairs used, 27 markers were polymorphic. In total, these markers generated 95 alleles, from which 89 alleles were polymorphic, possessing 2-7 alleles with the average of 3.52 alleles per locus. The polymorphic information content (PIC) varied from 0.077 to 0.454 with the average of 0.258 and the Marker Index (MI) ranged from 0.151 to 1.19 with the average of 0.79 for different primers. Cluster analysis based on molecular data, could completely separate sensitive and tolerant genotypes and relatively was concordant with grouping of genotypes based on field results. Principal coordinate analysis (PCOA), mostly confirmed the results of cluster analysis. Results of molecular data demonstrated that SSR markers: gwm291, gpw345, wmc249, barc353.1, cfa2170.2, gwm339 and wmc326 had higher PIC & MI values and can be considered as suitable microsatellite markers to assess the genetic diversity among the wheat genotypes in salinity stress breeding programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Allelic diversity
  • microsatellites
  • salinity stress
  • Wheat

مراجع

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