شناسایی ژن های مقاومت به زنگ های ساقه و قهوه ای در برخی از لاین های امیدبخش گندم با استفاده از نشانگرهای مولکولی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دوره دکترای اصلاح نباتات، گروه به‌نژادی و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 استاد، گروه به‌نژادی و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

3 استادیار، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

زنگ های ساقه و قهوه ای از خسارت زاترین بیماری های گندم در سراسر جهان می باشند. استفاده از مقاومت ژنتیکی و تولید ارقام مقاوم مطمئن ترین روش کنترل زنگ‌ها به‌شمار می‌رود. شناسایی منابع مقاومت به زنگ و تعیین ژن‌های مقاومت موجود در آن‌ها یکی از ملزومات رسیدن به ارقام مقاوم و ایجاد مقاومت پایدار می‌باشد. برای تعداد قابل توجهی از ژن‌های مقاومت به زنگ ساقه و قهوه‌ای، نشانگرهای مولکولی مرتبط شناخته شده است. در این تحقیق برخی از لاین‌های امیدبخش گندم در دست معرفی چهار اقلیم (گرم و مرطوب شمال، گرم و خشک جنوب، معتدل و سرد) کشور جهت تشخیص حضور ژن‌ها و یا جایگاه‌های ژنی مقاومت گیاهچه‌ای شامل Sr39/Lr35، Sr31/Yr9/Lr26/Pm8/Pm17، Sr24/Lr24 و Sr22 با استفاده از نشانگرهای مولکولی پیوسته با آن‌ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست آمده از این تحقیق مشخص شد که جایگاه‌ ژنی Sr39/Lr35 تنها در لاین SEP59 و جایگاه ژنی Sr31/Yr9/Lr26/Pm8/Pm17 در لاین‌های S-84-14 و SEP49 وجود دارد. سایر جایگاه‌های ژنی در هیچ کدام از لاین‌های مورد بررسی شناسایی نشدند. نتایج به ‌دست آمده از این تحقیق نشان داد که فراوانی حضور این ژن‌ها در لاین‌های امیدبخش گندم پایین بوده و بنابراین بایستی با استفاده از لاین‌های حاوی ژن‌های مقاومت در برنامه‌های اصلاح گندم، فراوانی حضور این ژن‌ها در ارقام اصلاح شده افزایش یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of stem and leaf rust resistance genes in some promising wheat lines using molecular markers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Omrani 1
  • Saeid Aharizad 2
  • Ramin Roohparvar 3
  • Manoochehr Khodarahmi 3
  • Mahmoud Toorchi 3
1 PhD student in Plant Breeding. Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IRAN
2 Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Stem and leaf rusts are the most devastating wheat diseases, worldwide. Utilization of genetic resistance and improvement of resistant cultivars are considered as the most reliable approaches to control wheat rusts. Identification of rust resistance sources and the involved resistance genes is one of the requirements for achieving sustainable resistance as well as resistant cultivars. Molecular markers have been identified for a significant number of, stem and leaf rusts resistance genes/loci. In this study, selected pre-released wheat promising lines of four Iranian major climate zones (Hot and humid, Hot and dry, moderate and Cold( were evaluated for the presence of seedling resistance genes or loci linked to the four molecular markers Sr39/Lr35, Sr31/Yr9/Lr26/Pm8/Pm17, Sr24/Lr24 and Sr22. Based on the results Sr39/Lr35 locus was identified only in line SEP59, while Sr31/Yr9/Lr26/Pm8/Pm17 locus in lines S-84-14 and SEP49. Sr24/Lr24 and Sr22 loci were not identified in all lines tested. The results of this study showed a low frequency of the resistance loci in pre-released promising lines and, thus, lines possessing these loci should be incorporated in wheat breeding programs in order to increase their frequency in new cultivars.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Genetic resistance
  • Loci
  • Resistance sources and Yield loss

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