جداسازی و شناسایی مولکولی جدایه‌های محرک رشد گیاهی جنس‌های Bacillus و Pseudomonas

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه میکروبیولوژی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج، کرج، البرز، ایران

2 بخش بیوتکنولوژی میکروبی، پژوهشگاه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

3 بخش بیوتکنولوژی میکروبی، پژوهشگاه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

4 گروه فیریولوژی گیاهی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

استفاده از تأثیر سینرژیستیک باکتری‌های تثبیت کننده نیتروژن و باکتری‌های محلول کننده فسفات از جدیدترین استراتژی‌های تولید کود زیستی است. نمونه‌های خاک رایزوسفری از گلخانه‌های تجاری خیار، گوجه‌فرنگی و فلفل دلمه‌ای واقع در استان‌های کرمان، یزد و اصفهان جمع‌آوری و با استفاده از محیط کشت‌های انتخابی برای Pseudomonas و Bacillus غربال شد. تعداد 108 جدایه Pseudomonas و 92 جدایه Bacillus با صفات PGP جداسازی و شناسایی شد. پنجاه و سه درصد از جدایه‌های Pseudomonas و 25% از جدایه‌های Bacillus قادر به رشد بر روی محیط بدون نیتروژن بودند. نود و شش درصد از جدایه‌های Pseudomonas قادر به انحلال فسفات معدنی بودند و 70% از آن‌ها اکسین تولید کردند در حالیکه هیچ یک از جدایه‌های Bacillus واجد این صفات نبودند. سی درصد از جدایه‌های هر دو جنس سیدروفور تولید کردند هر چند نسبت قطر هاله به کلنی جدایه‌های Pseudomonas بزرگ‌تر بود. تنها 5% از جدایه‌های Bacillus و 31% از جدایه‌های Pseudomonas از رشد بیمارگرPhytophthora melonis ممانعت کردند. بر اساس این نتایج، اگرچه جدایه‌های PGP از هر دو جنس در خاک رایزوسفری گلخانه‌های تجاری یافت شد اما این باکتری‌ها در صفات محرک رشدی متفاوت بودند. یک جدایه Pseudomonas بنام P3-57 و یک جدایه Bacillus به نام C1BY-1 با توان ممانعت از رشد بیمارگر به میزان 50% که از نظر صفات محرک رشدی تفاوت داشتند برای مطالعه در شرایط گلخانه انتخاب شدند. بررسی تبارشناسی توالی ژن 16S rRNA نشان داد که سویه P3-57 و C1BY-1 به ترتیب شباهت زیادی با P. putida و B. subtilis دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Isolation and molecular identification of isolates of plant growth promoting Pseudomonas and Bacillus

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roghayeh Zare 1
  • Mehrooz Dezfulian 1
  • Zahra Amini 2
  • Ebrahim Karimi 2
  • Akram Sadeghi 3
  • Razieh Rahmati 4
1 Department of Microbiology, College of basic sciences, Karaj branch, Islamic Azad university, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
2 Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
3 Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
4 Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The use of the synergistic effect of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate solubilizing bacteria is one of the newest biofertilizer production strategies. Rhizosphere soil samples were collected from tomato, cucumber and bell pepper commercial greenhouses and screened for Pseudomonas and Bacillus using selective media. One hundred and eight Pseudomonas and 92 Bacillus isolates with PGP activities were isolated and characterized. Fifty-three percent of Pseudomonas isolates and 25% of Bacillus were able to grow on N free medium. Ninety-six percent of Pseudomonas isolates were able to solubilize organic phosphate and 70% of them produce IAA, while none of the Bacillus had these two abilities. About 30% of Pseudomonas and Bacillus isolates produces siderophore, although the ratio of orange halo diameter/colony diameter was greater for Pseudomonas. Only five Bacillus and 31 Pseudomonas isolates inhibited the growth of Phytophthora melonis. Based on these results, although PGP isolates of both genera were found in the rhizosphere soil of commercial greenhouses, these bacteria differed in PGP traits. A Pseudomonas isolate, P3-57 and a Bacillus isolate, C1BY-1 with 50% antagonistic activity against P. melonis which differed in PGP traits selected for future study in greenhouse conditions. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strains P3-57 and C1BY-1 are closely related to P. putida and B. subtilis respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • bell pepper
  • cucumber
  • phytopathogen
  • rhizobacteria
  • tomato

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