بررسی تنوع و ویژگی های ژنتیکی تعدادی از توده برنج رقم هاشمی با استفاده از صفات مورفولوژیک و نشانگرهای ریزماهواره

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد ژنتیک، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تنکابن، تنکابن، ایران

2 استادیار پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

چکیده

برنج مهم‌ترین منبع غذایی بیش از نیمی از جمعیت جهان است. برنج هاشمی در حال حاضر در استان گیلان بیشترین میزان سطح زیر کشت را داشته و از لحاظ کیفیت پخت و مشتری پسندی بهتر از سایر ارقام می باشد. در این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی موجود در 20 توده محلی برنج هاشمی به‌همراه ارقام شاهد گوهر و هاشمی (معرفی‌شده توسط مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور)، از 21 نشانگر ریز‌ماهواره، صفات مورفولوژیک و کیفیت دانه استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که تمامی صفات مورد مطالعه دارای اختلاف معنی‌داری در سطح احتمال یک درصد بودند. تجزیه خوشه‌ای با کمک نرم‌افزار R، ژنوتیپ‌های مورد مطالعه را به 4 گروه تقسیم کرد. بر اساس اطلاعات حاصل از نشانگرها در مجموع 96 آلل چند شکل با میانگین 57/4 آلل به‌ازای هر جفت آغازگر تکثیر شد. کمترین تعداد مربوط به نشانگر‌ RM249 با 3 آلل و بیشترین آن به‌ترتیب مربوط به نشانگر‌های RM19 و RM1109 با 6 آلل بود. میانگین تعداد آلل مؤثر 97/3 بود که RM249 با داشتن مقدار 25/2 کمترین و نشانگرهای RM413 و RM1109 با داشتن مقادیر 65/5 و 21/5 بیشترین مقادیر را دارا بودند. میانگین محتوای اطلاعات چند شکل (PIC) بدست آمده برای نشانگرهای ریز‌ماهواره، 69/0 بود. در تجزیه‌ی خوشه‌ای با ضریب تشابه جاکارد بر اساس نشانگرهای ریزماهواره، ژنوتیپ‌ها در 4 کلاستر طبقه‌بندی شدند. در مجموع نتایج تجزیه خوشه‌ای صفات مورفولوژیک و نشانگرهای ریزماهواره با هم مطابقت خوبی داشتند و توانستند افراد را بر اساس منشأ جغرافیایی خود گروه‌بندی نمایند. وجود تنوع ژنتیکی در توده‌های محلی برنج هاشمی، امکان خالص‌سازی و گزینش لاین‌های برتر، حفظ و استفاده از ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف را در برنامه‌های اصلاحی فراهم می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of genetic diversity and genetic characteristics of some of Hashemi rice cultivars using morphological traits and microsatellite markers

نویسندگان [English]

  • ََAyda Dorreshte 1
  • Alireza Tarang 2
1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Science, Islamic Azad University of Tonekabon, Tonekabon, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

Rice is the most important source of food for more than half of the world's population. Currently, Hashemi rice has the highest area under rice in Guilan province and is better than other varieties in terms of cooking quality and customer satisfaction. In this study, for the study the genetic diversity of 20 Hashemi cultivars genotypes and two varieties as control (Hashemi and gowhar- introduced by the Rice Research Institute of Iran), 21 polymorphic markers, morphological traits and grain quality were used. The results showed that all of studied traits had a significant difference at 1% level. The cluster analysis with the help of software R divided the studied genotypes into four groups. Based on the data from 21 markers, in total, 96 alleles were detected with the average of 4.57 alleles per locus. The highest number of alleles was observed in markers RM19 and RM1109 with 6 alleles and minimum number of alleles in marker RM249 with 3 alleles. The average number of effective alleles was 3.97. The RM249 had the lowest value of 2.25 and the RM413 and RM1109 markers had the highest values of 5.65 and 5.21, respectively. The average value of polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.69 for SSR markers. Based on cluster analysis by using Jaccard coefficient and UPGMA method on the SSR markers, the genotypes were grouped in 4 clusters. In general, the results of cluster analysis of morphological traits and microsatellite markers were in good agreement and they could group individuals based on their geographical origin. Understanding the genetic diversity can further help to breeders in their breeding programs, especially in purification the best genotypes and preserving these genotypes in Iran's rice gene bank.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hashemi rice cultivar
  • Cluster analysis
  • Microsatellite

مراجع

Agahi K, Fotokian MH, Younesi Z (2012) Study of genetic diversity and important correlations of agronomic traits in rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.). Iranian Journal of Biology. 25: 97-109.
Akbarpour M, Khavari-Nejad RA, Moumeni A, Najafi F (2016) Molecular and physiological performance in response to drought stress in Iranian rice cultivars. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology. 63(1): 158-165.
Allahgholipour M, Farshadfar E, Rabiei B (2014) Evaluation of molecular diversity in rice (Oryzas sativa L.) genotypes using microsatellite markers linked with agronomic and grain physicochemical characteristics. Iranian Journa of Crop Sciences. 15: 337-354. (In Persian)
Allahgholipour M (1997) Correlation of some important crop characteristics of rice with yield through causality analysis. Master's thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan.
Alvarez A, Fuentes J.L, Puldon V, Gomez P.J, Mora L, Duque M.C, Gallego G, Tohme J.M (2007) Genetic diversity analysis of Cuban traditional rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties based on microsatellite marker. Genetic and Molecular Biology. 30 (4): 1109-1117.
Bajracharya J, Steele K, Jarvis D, Sthapit B, Witcombe J (2006) Rice landrace diversity in Nepal: variability of agro-morphological traits and SSR markers in landraces from a high-altitude site. Field Crops Research. 95(2-3): 327-335.
Bapu J, Pandian GS (1992) Genotypic association and path analysis in F3 generation of rice crosses. The Madras Agricultural Journal. 11: 619-623.
Bandumula N (2018) Rice Production in Asia: Key to Global Food Security. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences. 88: 1323-1328 .
Cagampang GB, Perez CM, Juliano BO (1973) A gel consistency test for eating quality of rice. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 24(12): 1589-1594.
Chakravarthi BK, Naravaneni R )2006(SSR marker based DNA fingerprinting and diversity study in rice (Oryza sativa L.). African Journal of Biotechnology. 5: 684-688.
Cruz ND, Khush G (2000) Rice grain quality evaluation procedures. Aromatic Rices. 3: 15-28.
Chamani Mohasses F, Samiyazadeh H, Rabiei B, SoHani M.M, Ghorbani H.R (2012) Investigation of heterotrophic rice lines using SSR markers and their relation with the presentation of hybrids. Special Issue of the 12th Iranian Congress of Genetics. 1-15.
Da Silva T.A, Cantagalli L.B, Saavedra J, Lopes D (2015) Population structure and genetic diversity of Brazilian popcorn germplasm inferred by microsatellite markers. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology. 18:181-187.
Fathi Q (1998) Growth and nutrition of crops. Publications University of Mashhad. (In Persian)
Ghneim Herrera T, Posso Duque D, Pérez Almeida I, Torrealba Núñez G, Pieters AJ, Martinez CP, Tohme JM (2008) Assessment of genetic diversity in Venezuelan rice cultivars using simple sequence repeats markers. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology. 11(5): 3-4.
Hajmansour S, Bihamta M, Nabipour A, Mohammadi A, Pirseyedi M, Nikkhah H (2010) Genetic Diversity in Barley Genotypes: II. Microsatellite Markers and Morphological Traits. Seed and Plant Improvment Journal. 26(2):
150-172.
Hartl D.L, Clarke A.G (2007) Principles of Population Genetics, Fourth Edition. Sinauer Associates, Inc. Publishers.
Juliano B (1971) A simplified assay for milled rice amylose. Cereal Science Today. 16: 334-360.
Kennedy G, Burlingame B (2003) Analysis of food composition data on rice from a plant genetic resources perpective. Food Chemistry. 80 (4): 589-596.
Kibria K, Islam M, Begum S (2008) Screening of aromatic rice lines by phenotypic and molecular markers. Bangladesh Journal of Botany. 37(2): 141-147.
Kibria K, Nur F, BegumIslam S.N, Paul M.M, Rahman S.K, Azam S. M.M (2009) Molecular marker based genetic diversity analysis in aromatic rice genotypes using SSR and RAPD markers. Journal of Sustainable Crop Production. 4(1): 23-34.
Kordrostami M, Rabiei B, Kumleh HH )2016( Association analysis, genetic diversity and haplotyping of rice plants under salt stress using SSR markers linked to SalTol and morpho-physiological characteristics. Plant Systematics and Evolution. 302(7): 871-890.
Koutroubasa S.D, Mazzinib F (2004) Grain quality variation and relationships with morpho-physiological traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genetic resources in Europe. Field Crops Research. 86 (2): 115- 130.
Kumar I, Khush GS (1987) Genetic analysis of different amylase Levels in rice. Crop Science. 27: 1167-1172.
Luh BS (2013) Rice: Volume I. Production. Springer Science & Business Media.
Mahdavi F, Ismaili MA, Fallah A, Pyrodashti H (2006) Study of morphological characteristics, physiological indices, grain yield and its components in rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces and improved cultivars. 7 (4): 280-297.
Mahdavi F, Ismaili M.A, Fallah A, Pyrodashti H (2006) Study of morphological characteristics, physiological indices, grain yield and its components in rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces and improved cultivars. 7 (4): 280-297
Mahjoob B, Najafi-Zarini H, Hashemi S.H.R (2014) Assessment of Genetic Relationships Among 36 Brassica Genotypes using ISSR Molecular Markers. Journal of Crop Breeding. 6(14): 96-106
McCouch SR, Teytelman L, Xu Y, Lobos KB Clare K, Walton M, Fu B, Maghirang R, Li Z, Xing Y (2002) Development and mapping of 2240 new SSR markers for rice (Oryza sativa L.). DNA Research. 9(6): 199-207.
Ming H, Fang-ming X, Li-yan C.H, Xiang-qian Z.H, Jojee L, Madonna D (2010) Comparative analysis of genetic and structure in rice using ILP and SSR markers. Rice Sience. 17 (4): 257-268.
Motlagh MRS, Hbibi F, Ebadi AA (2015) Genetic diversity of Pyricularia grisea, the causal agent of rice blast by SRR. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus. 14(1): 15-28.
Murray MG, Thompson WF (1980) Rapid isolation of high molecular weight plant DNA. Nucleic Acids Research. 8(19): 4321-4326.
Nei M (1973) Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 70(12): 3321-3323.
Ntuli NR, Tongoona PB, Zobolo AM )2015( Genetic diversity in Cucurbita pepo landraces revealed by RAPD and SSR markers. Scientia Horticulturae. 189: 192-200.
Phetmanyseng X, Xie A, Hernandez J.E, Boirromeom T.H (2010) Hybrid rice heterosis and genetic diversity of IRRI and Lao rice. Field Crops Research. 117: 18-23.
Ribeiro-Carvalho C, Guedes-Pinto H, Igrejas G, Stephenson P, Schwarzacher T, Heslop-Harrison J (2004) High levels of genetic diversity throughout the range of the Portuguese wheat landrace ‘Barbela’. Annals of Botany. 94(5): 699-705.
Senior M, Murphy J, Goodman M, Stuber C (1998) Utility of SSRs for determining genetic similarities an relationships in maize using an agarose gel system. Crop Science. 38(4): 1088-1098.
Saif-ur-Rasheed M, Sadaqat HA, Babar M (2002) Cause and Effect Relations of Panicle Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Asian Journal of Plant Sciences. 1(2): 123-125.
Shishido R, Kikuchi M, Nomura K, Ikehashi H (2006) Evaluation of genetic diversity of wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) in Myanmar using simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 53(1): 179-186.
Siadat SA, Fathi AH, Etminan SBM (2004) Effect of planting date on yield and yield components of 3 rice varieties. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Science. 35(1): 227-234.
Singh S, Vijaykumar C, Xu W, Bagali P, Sarkarung S, Singh R, Singh O, Singh V, LI Z (2002) Microsatellite assay of rainfed lowland genotypes. Rice Genetics Newsletter. 19: 15-17.
Sohrabi M, Rafii Y, Hanafi M, Abdul Latif M.d (2013) Genetic divergence of Malaysian upland rices revealed by microsatellite marker POJ 6(3): 175-182 ISSN: 1836-3644.
Sundaram R.M, Naveenkumar B, Birdar S.K, Balachandran S.M, Mishra B, IlyasAhmed M, Viraktamath B.C, Ramesha M.S, Sarma N.P (2008) Identification of informative SSR markers capable of distinguishing hybrid rice parental lines and their utilization in seed purity assessment. Euphytica. 163(2): 215-224.
Tabkhkar N, Rabiei B, Sabouri A (2012) Genetic diversity of rice cultivars by microsatellite markers tightly linked to cooking and eating quality. Australian J. Crop Sci. 6(6): 980-985.
Tarang A, Gashti AB (2016) The power of microsatellite markers and AFLPs in revealing the genetic diversity of Hashemi aromatic rice from Iran. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 15: 1186-1197.
Tarang A, Hosseini M (2017) Evaluation of molecular diversity of different Hashemi rice varieties of north of Iran using microsatellite markers. Cereal Research, 7(1): 17-31.
Virmani SS (2012) Heterosis and hybrid rice breeding, Springer Science & Business Media.
Xu Y (2010) Molecular plant breeding, CABI Publishing.
Verma K, Kumar A.G (2017) Studies of Genetic Diversity in the Natural Population of Cassia Fistula L. using RAPD and ISSR Markers (Doctoral dissertation).
Zhou J, You A, zhu L, He G (2012) Association analysis of important agronomictraits in Japonica rice germplasm. African Journal of Biotechnology. 12: 2956-2970.
 
 
 
 

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار