تاثیر همزیستی قارچ مایکوریز Rhizoglomus irregulare بر کاهش شدت آلودگی گیاه گوجه فرنگی به ویروس کوتولگی بوته با تاکید بر بیان ژن‌های دخیل در متیلاسیون

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت اقتصادی ویروس کوتولگی بوته گوجه‌فرنگی (TBSV-Tomato bushy stunt virus) در مزارع سراسر جهان، در این پژوهش ارتباط میان قارچ مایکوریزایی Rhizoglomus irregulare و ویروس کوتولگی بوته گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی بررسی گردید. به این منظور، در زمان نشاکاری گوجه‌فرنگی، مایه تلقیح مایکوریزا در بستر کشت گیاه اضافه گردید. پس از چهار هفته TBSVبصورت مکانیکی به تیمارها مایه‌زنی شد و بررسی شدت علایم بیماری و نمونه‌‌برداری از آن‌ در نقطه‌های زمانی 19، 25 و 31 روز بعد از مایه‌زنی انجام گردید. تیمارها شامل گیاهان شاهد (C)، گیاهان آلوده به TBSV (V)، گیاهان مایکوریزایی (M) و گیاهان مایکوریزایی آلوده به ویروس TBSV (MV) بودند. نتایج بررسی علائم ویروسی، با استفاده از شاخص شدت بیماری، بیانگر کاهش شدت بیماری در گیاهان MV در مقایسه با گیاهان V بود. در تأیید این نتایج، میزان تکثیر ویروس نیز در گیاهان MV کاهش معنی‌داری نشان داد و این کاهش در مراحل پیشرفته‌تر بیماری مشخص‌تر بود. بررسی بیان ژن‌های مرتبط با متیلاسیون شامل MET1، HEN1 و ADK توسط تکنیک Real-time PCR نشان داد که این ژن‌ها در گیاهان MV در مقایسه با گیاهان V بصورت معنی‎‌دار افزایش بیان داشته‌اند. افزایش بیان ژن‌های مرتبط با متیلاسیون در گیاهان MV نشان می‌دهد که مقاومت به ویروس احتمالاً از مسیر متیلاسیون اتفاق می‌افتد و علاوه بر این تأیید کننده تکثیرکمتر ویروس در گیاهان گوجه‌فرنگی تلقیح شده با مایکوریزا می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Rhizoglomus irregulare symbiosis on reducing disease severity in tomato plants infected with Tomato bushy stunt virus with emphasis on the expression of methylation- related genes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Neda Khoshkhati 1
  • Omid Eini 2
  • Davoud KOOLIVAND 3
1 Ph. D. Candidate, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), a member of the genus Tombusvirus is one of the causal agents for curly disease in tomato plants. In this study, the interaction between a mycorrhizal fungus, Rhizoglomus irregular, and TBSV in tomato plants was investigated. In a completely randomized design experiment, tomato seedlings were inoculated with R. irregular and after four weeks they were inoculated with TBSV. Four treatments were included: control plants (C), TBSV -infected plants (V), mycorrhizal plants (M), TBSV -infected mycorrhizal plants (MV). Nineteen days after inoculation the infected plants were tested for symptom production and virus accumulation. Results of symptoms evaluation based on the disease severity index showed a lower disease severity in MV plants compared with V plants. Supporting this result, a lower level of virus accumulation was observed in V plants which was more significant at long-term infection. The expression of methylation-related genes including ADK, HEN1 and MET1 was tested by Real-time PCR. Results showed that the expression of these genes was significantly higher in MV plants as compared with V plants. An increase in the expression of methylation-related genes in MV plants indicates that resistance to the virus is likely to occur through methylation and also supports the lower level of virus accumulation in MV plants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Methylation genes
  • Tomato
  • Mycorrhiza
  • Tomato bushy stunt virus

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