مطالعه فیلوژنتیکی، ساختاری و بیانی ژن‌های عوامل تنظیم‌کننده رشد (GRF) در گندم (Triticum aestivum L.) بر مبنای روش‌های in silico

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه زراعت، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران.

چکیده

عوامل تنظیم‌کننده رشد (Growth Regulatory Factor, GRF) از فاکتورهای رونویسی اختصاصی در گیاهان هستند دارای دو دمین حفاظت شده QLQ و WRC می‌باشند. اعضاء این خانواده ژنی در فرآیندهای مختلف زیستی مانند رشد و نمو و پاسخ به تنش‌های محیطی و هورمون نقش دارند. در این مطالعه ژن‌های خانواده GRF گندم شناسایی و به‌صورت بیوانفورماتیکی بررسی شدند. شناسایی ژن‌های GRF با استفاده از BlastP انجام و در ادامه روابط تکاملی، موتیف‌های حفاظت شده، پیش‌بر، miRNA هستی‌شناسی و بیان ژن‌های شناسایی شده مطالعه شد. در این مطالعه 30 ژن TaGRF (TaGRF1-30) بر اساس جستجوی پایگاه داده ژنوم گندم شناسایی شدند که بر روی 12 کروموزوم قرار داشتند و بر اساس روابط فیلوژنتیکی در 6 زیرگروه دسته‌بندی شدند. ژن‌های TaGRF هر زیرگروه از نظر ساختار ژنی مشابه و تمامی آن‌ها دارای دو موتیف حفاظت شده (WRC و QLQ) و 2 تا 5 اگزون بودند. با توجه به شناسایی عناصر تنظیمی پاسخ در تنش‌ها، هورمون‌ها و مراحل رشد و نمو در ناحیه پیش‌بر، این ژن‌ها در بسیاری از فرآیندهای زیستی گندم نقش دارند. همچنین 26 ژن TaGRF دارای جایگاه هدف برای miRNA396 بودند. اطلاعات RNA-seq پایگاه داده expVIP نشان داد که ژن‌های TaGRF1، TaGRF4 و TaGRF7 تظاهر بالایی در مراحل رویشی و زایشی در بافت‌های ریشه، ساقه، برگ، سنبله و دانه داشتند. همچنین این داده‌ها نشان داد که تمامی ژن‌های GRF گندم به‌جز TaGRF16 در مرحله زایشی سنبله تظاهر داشتند. نتایج این مطالعه اطلاعات تکاملی و کارکردی موردنیاز برای طراحی مطالعات کارکردی این خانواده ژنی را فراهم می‌سازد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Phylogenetic, structure and expression analysis of growth regulatory factors (GRF) genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using in silico methods

نویسنده [English]

  • Naser Mohammadian Roshan
Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Growth regulating factors (Growth Regulatory Factors) are plant-specific transcription factors which contain two conserved domains, QLQ and WRC. Members of this family are involved in diverse biological and physiological processes, such as growth, development and stress and hormone responses. In this study, wheat GRF genes were identified and analysis by bioinformatics methods. GRF genes identification was performed by blastP. Then evolutionary relationships, gene structure, promoter, miRNA, gene ontology and expression of identified genes were analyzed. 30 TaGRFs (TaGRF1–30) distributed on 12 chromosomes were identified by searching wheat genome database and were clustered into six subgroups according to their phylogenetic relationships. TaGRFs belonging to the same subgroup shared a similar motif composition and gene structure. They all contain two conserved motifs (QLQ and WRC) and have 2–5 exons. Due to the identification of stresses, hormones and tissue specific cis elements in the TaGRFs promoter, these genes are involved in many biological processes of wheat. MiR396 target analysis indicated that 26 GRFs mRNA contained miRNA396 target position in wheat. RNA-seq data from the expVip database showed that TaGRF1, TaGRF4 and TaGRF7 were strongly expressed in root, shoot, leave, spike and grain in vegetative and reproductive stages. This data also indicated that all TaGRF genes except TaGRF16 were expressed in vegetative stage of spike. The results of this study provide the evolutionary and functional information needed for Design of functional studies of this gene family.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioinformatics
  • Database
  • Gene Expression
  • Gene Family
  • Phylogenetic

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