تنوع فنوتیپی و تجزیه ارتباط برای صفات مرتبط با تحمل به شوری در گندم

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی دانشگاه ارومیه ، ارومیه ، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه به منظور بررسی تنوع و واکنش 40 رقم و لاین پیشرفته گندم به تنش شوری و هم چنین بررسی ارتباط 27 نشانگر ریز ماهواره مرتبط با شوری با صفات مرفو-فیزیولوژیک اندازه گیری شده در دو محیط نرمال و تنش شوری در سال 97-1396 انجام گرفت. نتایج تجزیه واریانس در دو محیط نشان داد بین ژنوتیپ‌های مورد مطالعه از نظر کلیه صفات، اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود داشت که نشان دهنده تنوع ژنتیکی بین ژنوتیپ‌ها بود. همچنین بر پایه نتایج تجزیه واریانس مرکب، اثر محیط برای تمام صفات و اثرمتقابل ژنوتیپ × محیط برای اکثر صفات معنی‌داری به‌دست آمد و مشخص شد که واکنش ژنوتیپ‌های مورد ارزیابی در برابر تنش شوری متفاوت بود. در هر دو محیط عملکرد دانه و اجزای آن و عملکرد بیولوژیک بیشترین میزان تنوع را به خود اختصاص دادند. تجزیه خوشه‌ای در محیط تنش شوری بر اساس صفاتی که اثرمتقابل ژنوتیپ در محیط آن‌ها معنی‌دار شده بود ژنوتیپ‌ها را در 3 گروه متحمل، نیمه متحمل و حساس تقسیم‌بندی نمود. مطالعه ساختار جمعیت به عنوان پیش‌نیازی برای انجام تجزیه ارتباط نشان داد که 2 زیرگروه احتمالی (2=K) در جمعیت مورد مطالعه وجود دارد که نتایج حاصل از رسم بای‌پلات نیز آن را تأیید کرد. نتایج تجزیه ارتباط از طریق مدل خطی مخلوط (MLM) با استفاده از ماتریس ساختار جمعیت انجام شد. بر اساس نتایج مشاهده شده،29 مکان ارتباط معنی‌داری با صفات ارزیابی شده در محیط نرمال داشتند در حالی‌که در محیط تنش شوری این تعداد به 40 مکان افزایش یافت. وجود نشانگرهای مشترک در میان برخی از صفات بررسی شده مانند ارتباط معنی‌دار نشانگر S16-1 با 3 صفت در محیط نرمال و با 5 صفت در محیط شوری می‌تواند ناشی از آثار پلیوتروپی این نشانگرها و احتمالاً پیوستگی مکان‌های ژنومی کنترل‌کننده این صفات باشد. نشانگر S11-4 به عنوان نشانگر مشترک مرتبط با عملکرد بیولوژیک در هر دو شرایط محیطی (نرمال و تنش ) و نشانگرهای S6-3 و S12-1 به‌عنوان نشانگرهای مرتبط با عملکرد دانه در شرایط شوری شناخته شدند. در نهایت با توجه به نتایج کسب شده، در صورت تأیید نتایج در سایر زمینه‌های ژنتیکی می‌توان از این نشانگرها در برنامه‌های اصلاحی بهره‌برداری نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Phenotypic diversity and association analysis for traits related to salt tolerance in wheat

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ashkboos Amini 1
  • Sheida Khadam kheir 2
  • Iraj Bernousi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
2 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Plant Breeding, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
3 Associate professor of Urmia university, Uromieh, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate variation and reaction of 40 wheat genotypes to salinity tolerance and assess the association of 27 microsatellite markers with salinity tolerance and morpho-physiological traits measured under normal and salt stress conditions, the present study was conducted. The results of analysis of variance in two environments showed significant difference among genotypes for all traits, indicating genetic variation among them. Based on the results of combined analysis of variance, the effect of the environment for all traits and the effect of Genotype × environment on most of the traits was significant and it was determined that the response of the evaluated genotypes to salinity stress was different In two environment, the highest variation was belonged to grain yield and its component and biological yield. Cluster analysis in salinity stress based on traits with significant genotype × environment, classified the genotypes into 3 groups i.e. tolerant moderate and sensitive. Association analysis using 27 microsatellite markers, SSR markers with 11 traits measured in two normal conditions and salinity stress for all genotypes was conducted through a mixed linear model (MLM) The study of population structure as a precondition for communication analysis showed that there are 2 probable subgroups (K = 2) in the population studied, which was confirmed by the results of the plot formula. The decomposition of the association analysis using 27 SSR markers with 11 traits measured in two conditions based on mixed linear model (MLM) was carried out using the population structure matrix. Based on the results, 29 locations had a significant relationship with the evaluated traits in the normal environment, while in the salinity stress environment, this number increased to 40 locations. The existence of common markers among some of the studied traits such as the significant associate between S16-1 and 3 traits in normal conditions and with 5 traits in the salinity medium can be due to the polytrophic effects of these markers and possibly the connectivity of genomic locations controlling these traits. S6-3 and S12-1 markers were identified as markers that associated with grain yield in salinity condition and S11-4 marker was identified as marker that related with biological yield in both environmental Conditions. Finally, given the results obtained, if the results are confirmed in other genetic fields, these markers can be used in corrective programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mixed Linear Model
  • SSR Markers
  • Association Analysis
  • Variation

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