غربال‌گری ژرم‌پلاسم‌های ایرانی سیب‌زمینی جهت مقاومت به ویروس‌های PVY و PVX

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زیست فناوری گیاهی و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده علوم و فناوری زیستی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران،

2 مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

3 گروه زیست‌شناسی سیستم‌ها، پژوهشگاه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

4 3. گروه زیست‌شناسی سیستم‌ها، پژوهشگاه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

ویروس‌های Potato virus Y (PVY) و Potato virus X (PVX) از مهم‌ترین عوامل آلوده‌کننده سیب‌زمینی هستند که باعث کاهش عملکرد و کیفیت غده می‌شوند. در این مطالعه، آزمایشی برای بررسی تأثیر ویروس‌های مذکور بر عملکرد غده و سطح مقاومت 33 ژنوتیپ سیب‌زمینی در کرج انجام شد. آزمایش به‌صورت طرح کاملا تصادفی در قالب فاکتوریل می‌باشد و در دو سطح ویروس در سه تکرار اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که آلودگی ویروسی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر میانگین عملکرد غده، عملکرد بذری (اندازه غده 35-55 میلی‌متر)، عملکرد خوراکی (اندازه غده بزرگتر از55 میلی‌متر) و عملکرد غیرقابل‌فروش (اندازه غده کوچک‌تر از 35 میلی‌متر) دارد. براساس تجزیه خوشه‌ایی ویروس PVY، خوشه هفتم بیشترین ژنوتیپ‌های مقاوم به ویروس PVY به لحاظ میانگین جذب نوری و میانگین عملکرد در نظر گرفته‌شد و درحالی‌که خوشه ششم دارای ژنوتیپ‌های حساس به ویروس PVY شناسایی شدند. بر مبنای تجزیه خوشه‌ای ویروسPVX، خوشه اول بیشترین ژنوتیپ‌های مقاوم به لحاظ میانگین عملکرد و جذب نوری درنظرگرفته‌شد و خوشه سوم دارای بیشترین ژنوتیپ‌های حساس به ویروس PVX هستند. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که ژنوتیپ G23 با میانگین جذب نوری 01/0 و 032/0 و میانگین عملکرد 1/4 کیلوگرم بر متر مربع، به ترتیب ژنوتیپ مقاوم به PVY و PVX می‌باشد. انتخاب همزمان ژنوتیپ‌ها با عملکرد بالا و مقاوم در برابر هر دو ویروس به تسریع در برنامه‌های اصلاح سیب‌زمینی کمک می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Screening of Iranian potato germplasm for resistance to PVY and PVX

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Hajibarat 1
  • Abbas Saidi 1
  • Ahmad Mosuapour Gorji 2
  • Mehrshad Zeinalabedini 3
  • Mohammad reza Ghaffari 4
  • Rahim Ahmadvand 2
1 Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Vegetable Research, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
3 Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Karaj, Iran. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iran.
4 3. Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Karaj, Iran. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iran.
چکیده [English]

Potato virus Y (PVY) and Potato virus X (PVX) are the most important potato-infecting agent causing yield loss and tuber quality reduction. In this study, an experiment was conducted in Karaj, Iran, to investigate the effects of mentioned viruses on the yield and resistance level of 33 potato genotypes. The experiment was performed based on randomized complete design in factorial format under two levels viruses with three replications. The results revealed that the viral infection had a significant impact on mean yield, seed yield (tuber size 35-55), ware yield (tuber size > 55 mm), and non-marketable yield (tuber size< 35). Based on cluster analysis for PVY, cluster VII was considered maximum resistant genotypes to PVY in terms mean absorption and yield, while cluster VI was identified susceptible genotypes in to PVY. According to cluster analysis of PVX virus, cluster I was considered highest resistant genotypes in terms mean absorption and yield and cluster III were maximum susceptible genotypes to PVX infection. Results of this study showed that genotype G23 with a mean-absorption of 0.01 and 0.032 for PVY and PVX, respectively, and mean yield of 4.1 kg/m2 was considered as a highly resistant genotype to both viruses. The concurrent selection of genotypes for high yield and resistant to both viruses (PVX and PVY) can facilitate potato breeding programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • ELISA
  • Cluster
  • Genotype
  • Resistance
  • Susceptible

مراجع

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