بررسی الگوی بیان ژن های چرخه بیوسنتز جیبرالیک اسید و براسینواستروئید دخیل در جوانه زنی و تقویت کننده رشد و نمو کلزا در پاسخ به عصاره جلبک قهوه ای (Ascophyllum nodosum)

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اصلاح نباتات، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

چکیده

عملکرد کلزا و کیفیت قابل‌قبول روغن، این گیاه را به عنوان یکی از مهم-ترین گیاهان برای تأمین روغن خوراکی قرار داده‌است. با توجه به قرار گرفتن کشور ایران در اقلیم گرم و خشک و نیاز بذر برای جوانه‌زنی و استقرار مناسب گیاهچه‌ها به آب، ضرورت یافتن راهکاری در جهت بهبود جوانه‌زنی و استقرار گیاهچه‌ها احساس می‌شود. استفاده از پرایمینگ بذر و نیز تیمار گیاهچه‌ها با عصاره‌ی جلبک دریایی Ascophyllum nodosum یکی از راهکارها برای بهبود یکنواختی سبز شدن و استقرار گیاهچه است. پژوهش حاضر به تأثیر کاربرد عصارة جلبک دریایی بر جوانه‌زنی بذر کلزا و تغییرات الگوی بیان نسبی برخی ژن‌های چرخه بیوسنتز جیبرلیک اسید و براسینواستروئید دخیل در جوانه‌زنی و تقویت‌کننده رشد و نمو کلزا با استفاده از روش Real time- PCR پرداخته‌است. برای این منظور شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی در اثر اعمال تیمار اندازه‌گیری شد، همچنین اعمال تیمار غلظت 1/0 درصد حجمی عصاره‌ی جلبک در چهار سطح تیمار زمانی (0، 10، 15 و 30 روز یک‌بار) تا زمان گل‌دهی گیاه صورت گرفت و نمونه‌برداری از برگ‌های گیاه مربوط برای هر تیمار در سه تکرار بیولوژیک در دو آزمایش جداگانه گلخانه‌ای و آزمایشگاهی انجام شد. نتایج این مطالعه، مؤثر بودن استفاده از تیمار عصارة جلبک دریایی را بر افزایش درصد جوانه‌زنی و بنیه بذر نشان داد به‌گونه‌ای که صد در صد جوانه‌زنی بذرهای تحت تیمار در روز سوم صورت پذیرفت. در بخش ارزیابی میزان بیان نسبی کاربرد تیمار مذکور افزایش در بیان ژن‌های EXP، ATI، ENTKO، AEC و BINSP که همگی از جمله ژن‌های مهّم و کلیدی در فرآیند جوانه‌زنی هستند را نسبت به تیمار شاهد نشان داد. استفاده از تیمار عصارة جلبک دریایی بیشترین میزان بیان نسبی را در ژن‌های ATI و ENTKO به‌ترتیب به میزان 39/4 و 70/5 در تیمار زمانی 30 روز و کمترین میزان بیان برای ژن‌های GIB و EXP در هر سه تیمار زمانی 10، 15 و 30 روز به‌دست آمد. همچنین، بیشترین میزان همبستگی مثبت در سطح احتمال %5 بین ژن‌های XEN با GIB (همبستگی 1) و ENTKO با BINSP (همبستگی 98/0) مشخص شد. همبستگی ژن‌های یاد شده در اثر کاربرد عصارة جلبک در نهایت منجر به تأثیر مثبت بر فرایند جوانه‌زنی بذرهای کلزا داشت. همچنین ژن‌های GIB و ATI (همبستگی 50/0-) و نیز XEN با ATI (همبستگی 49/0-) دارای همبستگی منفی در سطح احتمال 5% بودند و افزایش یکی، کاهش دیگری و برعکس کاهش بیان یک ژن، افزایش بیان ژن دیگر را به‌دنبال داشت و مشخص می‌کند که فعالیت فراورده پایانی هر کدام از این ژن‌ها قادر است بر فرآیند جوانه‌زنی و فرایندهای تقویت‌کننده رشد و نمو تأثیرگذار باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Expression pattern of key gene(s) of GA biosynthesis and Brassinosteroid pathway influences in germination and growth-promoting in response to Ascophyllum nodosum extract

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sepideh Charkhandaz 1
  • Karim Sorkheh 2
1 M.Sc student of Plant Breeding, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The yield and acceptable quality of the oil of canola make this plant as one of the most important plants for providing edible oil. Due to the hot and dry climate in Iran and water necessary for seed germination, discovery of the solution to improve germination and seedling establishment is required. Seed priming and treatment of seedlings with the extract of the seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum is one of the solutions for uniform germination and establishment of seedlings. The currently study have been explore the effect of application of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract on seed germination and changes in the relative expression pattern of some important key genes related to gibberellic acid and brassinosteroids biosynthesis pathway using qRT-PCR. For this purpose, germination indexes were measured by the application of treatment 1% v/v treatment of Ascophyllum nodosum extract in four levels of treatment (0, 10, 15 and 30 days) until flowering stage. The leaf of sampling in each treatment was performed in three biological replications. The results of this study showed the effectiveness of seaweed extract treatment on increasing germination and seed vigor percentage, so that 100% germination of treated seeds obtained on the 3-day. The relative expression of algae extract showed an increase in the expression of EXP, ATI, ENTKO, AEC and BINSP genes, which are all important and as the key genes in the germination process compared to the control treatment. The use of seaweed extract treatment showed the highest expression in ATI (4.39) and ENTKO (5.70) genes in 30-day treatment, respectively. The lowest expressions for GIB and EXP genes in all three treatments (10, 15 and 30 days) were obtained. Also, there was the highest positive correlation between EEN and GIB (1), ENTKO and BINSP (0.98), AEC and BINSP (0.96) genes at the 5% significantly level. The correlation of these genes due to the use of algae extract ultimately led to a positive effect on the germination process of rapeseed seeds. Also, the results of heat map showed the genes of EXP and AEC (-0.57), GIB and ATI (-0.50) genes and XEN and ATI (-0.49) have a negative correlation at an error level of 5% and the increase of one led to the decrease of the other. This indicates that’s the activity of the final product of each of these genes is able to affect the germination process and promoting plant growth and development.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ascophyllum nodosum
  • Brassica napus L
  • Real time-PCR
  • Relative gene expression

مراجع

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