بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی ژنوتیپ‌هایی از آفتابگردان (Helianthus annuus L.) با استفاده از نشانگر مولکولی TRAP

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری اصلاح نباتات و پژوهشگر جهاد دانشگاهی همدان

2 استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آتاتورک ترکیه

3 دانش آموخته دکترای بیولوژی مولکولی و پژوهشگر مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی، تبریز

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی 68 ژنوتیپ آفتابگردان از نشانگر جدید مولکولی TRAP با 6 آغازگر ثابت و 6 آغازگر تصادفی و 19 ترکیب آغازگری استفاده شد. تمام ترکیب‌های آغازگری چند شکل بودند که در مجموع 116 باند ایجاد کردند که 109 تای آنها چندشکل بود. در این تحقیق لاین‌های برگرداننده باروری با میانگین 76/22 باند چندشکل، بیشترین جایگاه چند شکل (48/84 درصد) و هیبریدهای ایرانی با میانگین 97/2 باند چندشکل، کمترین جایگاه چند شکل (52/40 درصد) را به‎خود اختصاص دادند. بیشترین فاصله ژنتیکی بین گروه برگرداننده باروری و هیبریدهای ایرانی (151/0) و کمترین فاصله بین هیبریدهای خارجی و ارقام آزاد گرده‌افشان خارجی (064/0) بود. گروه لاین‌های برگرداننده باروری و مادری کمترین فاصله ژنتیکی را داشتند (066/0). بر اساس تجزیه واریانس مولکولی، 87 درصد از تنوع ژنتیکی ناشی از تنوع درون گروه‌ها و 13 درصد مربوط به تنوع بین گروه‌ها بود. در هر دو تجزیه خوشه‌ای و هماهنگ‌کننده‌های اصلی، گروه لاین‌های برگرداننده باروری و مادری در یک گروه، هیبریدها و ارقام خارجی در گروه مشابه و هیبریدهای ایرانی در گروه مجزا قرار گرفتند. بر اساس تجزیه خوشه‌ای کلی، پایین‌ترین ضریب تشابه (472/0) بین لاین‌های R42 و CMS328 محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد که نشانگر TRAP کارایی بسیار خوبی در گروه‌بندی و محاسبه تنوع ژنتیکی آفتابگردان دارد. با وجود تنوع ژنتیکی میان گروه‌ها و ژنوتیپ‌ها، به‎دلیل ضریب تشابه ژنتیکی بالای ژنوتیپ‌ها (755/0)، تنوع ژنتیکی ژنوتیپ‌های مورد بررسی پایین برآورد شد و بدین‌وسیله افزایش تنوع ژنتیکی ژرپلاسم آفتابگردان و انتخاب لاین‌های اینبرد والدینی جدید با تنوع بالا در برنامه‌های آینده اصلاح آفتابگردان پیشنهاد می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Genetic diversity of sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L.) using TRAP markers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Zeinalzadeh Tabrizi 1
  • Kamil Haliloglu 2
  • Ahmad Razban Haqiqi3 Razban Haqiqi 3
1 Ph.D. of Plant Breeding, Iranian Academic Center For Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Hamedan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
3 Ph.D. of Molecular Biology, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Recourses Research and Education Center, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate genetic diversity of sunflower genotypes, TRAP markers were used with six fixed and arbitrary primers. Nineteen primer combinations generated a total of 116 bands in which 109 of them were polymorphic. Restorer inbred lines with a mean of 22.76 polymorphic bands had the highest polymorphic loci (84.48 %), and Iranian hybrids with a mean of 2.97 polymorphic bands had the lowest polymorphic loci (40.52 %). Maximum and minimum genetic distances were between restorer lines and Iranian hybrids (0.151) and foreign hybrids and open pollinated cultivars (0.064), respectively. Maximum genetic similarity was between restorer and CMS lines (0.066). AMOVA analysis revealed that 87 % of total variance was within groups, and 13 % was between groups. Using UPGMA method of clustering and principal coordinate analysis, three distinctive groups were identified. Minimum similarity coefficient (0.472) was observed between R42 and CMS328 inbred lines. Results showed that TRAP marker was useful in genetic diversity estimation of sunflower genotypes. Higher similarity coefficient (0.755) for the studied genotypes indicated a narrow genetic base suggesting increasing genetic diversity of sunflower germplasm and selection of high diversity of new inbred lines in the future sunflower breeding programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Genetic Diversity
  • Molecular marker
  • sunflower
  • TRAP
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